andFalls,MIlitaryOperationsEgypt&Palestine,I04;andEvans-Pritchard,125.
96.Wesendonk,"G.A.,"30 Mar.1915,NARA/T-120/L366670I.
97.Evans-Pritchard,122;andAnderson,"DevelopmentofNationalistSentiment,"
233.AccordingtoFarnie,540-41,theGermansubmarinesoperatingalongtheLibyan
coastandin theeasternMediterranean"employedGermany'sbestcommandersand
inflictedheavy losses [on Alliedshipping]outofallproportiontotheirsmallnum-
bers."Regardingthenavalbases,noteHerwig,FirstWorldWar,156.
98.McMahonto Grey, 6 May1915;andMcMahonto FO, 26 Feb.1915,PRO/FO
371/2353/61642,21896,respectively;WO,"SudanIntelligenceReport,"Feb.1915,PROf
FO 371/2349/44359;andEvans-Pritchard,126.
- Maxwell toKitchener,7 May1915,PRO/WO33/731;andFO toMcMahon, 23
Apr.1915,PRO/FO371/2353/46335.
IOO.McMahonto FO, 3June1915,PRO/FO37I/23S3/716IO.
IOI.Ibid.;andMacMunnandFalls,MIlitaryOperationsEgypt&Palestine,I04.
I02. Forexample,AA toGermanlegationAthens,29 Mar.1915;Nadolnyto AA,II
June1915;andMannesmann,"Abschrift.Retiro-AbteilungIIIb.Nadolny,"sJune1915,
NARA/T-120/49SI/L36668S-87,L3673S4.L367428-32.
I03.Thefirstofsuchshipmentsisdiscussedin Kalle(militaryattacheattheGer-
manembassyinMadrid)toSektionPolitik,ISMar.1917,NARA/T-I37/14S/02S9-60.
I04.CountN.vonMirbach-Harff(Athenslegation)to AA, 28June1915,contain-
ingamessagefromGumppenbergof20 May, NARA/T-I20/49SI/L3674SS-S6.
IOS.OntheTurks'needofGermannavalsupportandontheOttomanviewthat
LibyabelongedtoTurkey,noteMuller,241-42.Germanyeven feltcompelledto in-
formtheTurksthatithadnopoliticalaimsin Libya; seeZimmermanntoConstan-
tinopleembassy,17Nov.1915,NARA/T-I37/144/0684.
I06.Humann,"BesprechungmitEnverPaschavom 4.Juli1915.,"YUL/JickhPa-
pers/I/2S;andWangenheimto AA,4July1915,NARA/T-120/49SI/L367477-78.
I07.Mannesmann,"Dfna,den2.Juli1915"NARA/T-I37/14I/0436-4I.Detailsof
Gumppenberg'scaptureare in WO,"IntelligenceSummary,"7 Aug.1915,PRO/WO
157/^6 94.
I08.Mannesmann,"Dfna,den24. Aug. 1915.,"NARA/T-I37/S/0448-49;and
MacMunnandFalls,MilitaryOperationsEgypt&Palestine, 104-5.
I09.Mannesmann,"Senussenlager 3 kmwestlichSolum.," 22 Sept.1915,NARA/T-
137/5/0504-05;andEvans-Pritchard,125-27.
IIO.Mannesmann,"Dfna,den3.September1915,"NARA/T-I37/S/0447;andEvans-
Prirchard.rze.
III.Mannesman,memo,n.d.(butismid-Oct.1915);Nadolnyto AA, n.d.(butis
Nov.1915),containingMannesmann'sreport;ConstantinopleembassytoSektion
Polirik,n.d.(butis Nov.1915),NARA/T-I37/S/047S-76,0503, 0509;andBoahen,23.
II2. FO toMcMahon,29 Oct.1915,PRO/FO371/2354/160694;andMacMunnand
Falls,MilitaryOperationsEgypt&Palestine,IOS.
II3. FO toRodd(BritishambassadorinRome), 29 Sept.1915;andRoddto FO, 29
Sept.1915,PRO/FO371/2354/139604,14I029.
II4. SeeSnow'sreportinMaxwell to WO, 5 Oct.1915,PRO/FO371/2354/156263;
andGOCEgyptto WO, 21Nov.1915,PRO/WO33/747.
lIS. Maxwell to WO, 18,20,and21Nov.1915,PRO/WO33/747;McMahonto FO, 22
Nov.1915,PRO/FO371/2354/175772;MacMunnandFalls,MilitaryOperationsEgypt
