&Palestine,106-7;and"EnglanderimSenussiGefangenschaft,"VossischeZeitung,
28Jan.1916.
n6.AccordingtoMacMunnandFalls,MilitaryOperationsEgypt&Palestine,
nO-18,atleastseveralhundredArabsdiedintheclashes. Also,noteMcMahonto FO,
14Dec.1915,PRO/FO371/2357/191226;andthetelegramsfromGOCEgyptto the WO
andCIGS, 26-31 Dec.1915,PRO/WO33/760.
117.Sixtonsofarmamentsandmunitionsweredeliveredby thesubmarine;note
"Ganzgeheim!AuszugausdemKriegstagebuchvonS.M.Unterseeboot'U 38.'
Kommandant:KapiranleutnantMaxValentiner.,"NARA/T-I20/4196/K202392-93.
n8. MaxValentiner(commanderofsubmarineU-38),"Abschrift'U 38.'Bericht
tibermeinenEindruckbeidenSenussen;"Probster,memo,9 Mar. 1916,NARA/T-137/
5/0562,0593-602;andNadolnyto AA,20 Nov.1915,NARA/T-I20/4196/K202279-84.
n9.SeeNeurath(Constantinopleembassy)to AA,7 Nov.1915,YUL/JackhPapers/
1/28;Falkenhayn'smessageto Enver inWernerOttoFreiherrvonGrunau(theAA's
liaisonatGermanhighcommandheadquarters)to AA,n Nov.1915;Zimmermannto
Constantinopleembassy,17 Nov.1915;andLossow to Enver, 6 Dec.1915,NARA/T-
137/144/0679,0684,°73°·
120.McMahonto FO, 21Dec.1915,PRO/FO371/2357/196053.
- A SENSE OF CRISIS ONBOTHSIDES, FALL 1915
1.Less so GreythanKitchener;see above, 32-33, 41.
2.Dawn,FromOttomanismtoArabism,31;Kedourie,EnglandandtheMiddle
East,55-57;Friedman,QuestionofPalestine,69, 73;Antonius,169-7°;Fromkin,182-
84; Zeine, 108, n6;andYapp, 275-76.
3. See thetelegramsandintelligencereportsfor 10, 26, 30 Apr.and8,17,19May
1915,inPRO/WO157/776;WO,"IntelligenceSummary,10 Apr.1915;andWO,"Intel-
ligenceBulletin,"13Apr.1915,PRO/WO157/690.
4.Fromkin,176-79;Gilbert,First World War,214-15;Stevenson,127;Woodward,
87-92;andAntonius,169-7°.AcogentanalysisoftherelationshipbetweentheArab
nationalistsocieties,theSharifofMecca,andtheBritish,is inHourani,"TheArab
AwakeningFortyYears After," 31-32.Thebestdiscussionshowingtheerroneousna-
tureofal-Faruqi'sassertionthatGermanyandTurkeyintendedtogranttheArabs
autonomyis inFriedman,QuestionofPalestine,69-70.
5.Kedourie,ChathamHouseVersion,17-20;andFromkin,98,100-I,143-44,169.
- AstatementthatangeredtheGovernmentofIndia;noteBusch,Britain, In-
dia,andthe Arabs,68-69.
- GOCEgypttoSecretaryofStatefor War, 12and15Oct.1915,PRO/WO33/747;
andFromkin,177-78.
8.KitchenertoAsquith,13 Nov.1915;andAsquithtoKitchener,12 Nov.1915,
PRO/WO33/747.
9.Notebelow, 167,182-83.
10.Woodward,95-97.
n. See above,chapter6.
12.McMahonto Grey, 24 Oct.1915,PRO/FO371/2354/163829,whichencloseda
lengthyintelligencedocumenttitled"NoteonPropaganda,etc.onthepartofGer-
mansgivingtheimpressionthatthey ortheirSovereignandGovernmenthadem-
