War by Revolution. Germany and Great Britain in the Middle East in the Era of World War I

NOTESTOPAGES165-168 275

49. AA(Zimmermann)toConstantinopleembassy,26 Nov.1915,NARA/T-137/25/
    0091; AA,memo.xNov.1915;andOppenheimtoBethmannHollweg,10 Nov.1915,
    NARA/T-120/4952/L367858-70, L367890-93.
    50.BaghdadconsulatetoConstantinopleembassy,13Aug.1915,NARA/T-137/142/
    °513;and"DieEreignisseimIrak,"VossischeZeitung,3 Nov.1915.
    51.See above,109-n.
    52.Dr. Ranzi(Ausrro-HungarianconsulinDamascus)toStephanBaronvonBurian
    (foreignministerinVienna),10 Apr.1915,PA/Tiirkei165/Bd. 37.
    53.PrufertoWolff-Metternich,10 Dec.1915,NARA/T-137/25/0150-57,enclosing
    thereporthesubmittedtoJemalPasha;Friedman,QuestionofPalestine,70;and
    MeKale,CurtPriifer, 46.


50. See above,159-60.
    55.AA,merno.xNov.1915,NARA/T-120/4952/L367858.
    56.PreviouslythewarministerhadopposedtheGermanspayingMuslimleaders
    inPersiaandLibya;noteWeber,182.
    57.Schoenberg,memo,containedinNeurathtoBethmannHollweg, 16 Sept.1915,
    PA/Tiirkei165/Bd. 37.PrinceReuss,theGermanministerinPersia,heldasimilar
    view; see Reuss toBethmannHollweg, 13 Julyr915,NARA/T-137/141/0271-72.Regard-
    ingGerman-Russianpeacenegotiationsduring1915,seeEgmontZechlin,Kriegund
    Kriegsrisiko.ZurdeutschetiPolitikimErstenWe1tkrieg,279-89,296-313;Fischer,
    Germany'sAims,195-98;Trumpener,GermanyandtheOttomanEmpire,147-48;
    HansHerzfeld,DerErsteWeltkrieg,145;andStevenson,93.


51. Weber, 183-84.
    59.Wesendonk,memo, 17 Oct.1915,NARA/T-137/25/0005·
    60.Rathmann,StosstichtungNehost,123;andWeber, 180-82.
    61.AA(Zimmermann)toConstantinopleembassy,26 Nov.1915,NARA/T-137/25/


52. Also,seeabove, 165.


53. Farwell,chapters10-16;Boahen,7:132-33;Herzfeld,168-69;Gilbert,FirstWorld
    War,279;andJames,RiseandFalloftheBritishEmpire,365-66.
    63.NoteSolf,"Ganzgeheim!AnweisungNr. Ifurdie1.StaffeldesArabisch-
    AgyptischenErkundungskommandos.,"23Feb.1915;Wangenheimto AA,6 May1915,
    NARA/T-137/138/0551,0748;andRathmann,StossrichtungNahost,123-24.


54. Forexample,Prufer,"Vertraulich,"6 Aug.1915,NARA/T-137/24/0793,urged
    theconquestofEgyptandtheSudanasretributionfortheBritishoccupationofthe
    Germancolonies.He alsoadvocatedusingtheSudanas "adoorforinvadingUganda
    andBritishEastAfrica."MerelyblockingtheSuezCanal,heconcluded,wouldbe
    insufficienttodestroyBritishroutestoIndiaandAustralia.
    65.ThestandardworkisstillFischer,Germany'sAims,102-9,161,170,234-35. Also
    usefulareRathmann,StossrichtungNahost,67-73,101-3;Herzfeld,151,169-7°;
    Stevenson,91;andStoecker,"TheFirstWorldWar:TheWar Aims," inGermanImpe-
    rialismin Africa: FromtheBeginningsuntiltheSecondWorldWar,ed.Helmuth
    Stoecker,trans.BerndZollner,280-90.


55. Asexamples,seeHansSchmidt(anagentsentbytheGeneralStafftoEritrea
    andEgypt),"Bericht,"July1915,NARA/T-137/139/0080-88;andWesendonk,"G.A.,"
    12May1915,NARA/T-120/4951/L367085-93.
    67.Constantinopleembassyto AA,21Sept.1915,NARA/T-137/139/on6.Regarding
    Mecklenburg,noteFarwell,23,25.