War by Revolution. Germany and Great Britain in the Middle East in the Era of World War I

316 INDEX

Ali, 178
Ali,Muhammad, 92
Allenby,Edmund,200, 207, 208,2!4,
220, 22I, 224
AllIndiaMuslimLeague, 245 n. 79
Altengrabow, 68
Arnir(Muslimruler), 7
Arnirate(officeofcommander,gover-
nor,orminorrulerofaprovince), 34
Anatolianrailroad,4, 8, 14
Anaza, 38, 65
Andamanislands, 126
Anglo-PersianOilCompany,37,82
AnnieLarsen,I25
Antonius,George,ix
Aqabaincident,17,19-20
ArabBureau,16I,171,188,205, 206, 222
Arabism.zv
Arabquestion,26, 28, 42, 75
Arabs:andBritain,4I, II6, 153-54,219;
andcaliphate,3, 27, 4I, 42;congress
inParis,42;andFrance,4I, 219;frus-
trationof, xi;andGermany,4, 39,
41-44,61-62, 94, II6,164-66;nation-
alismamong,27,IIO-II,II6,153,165-
66;andpeacesettlement,229-30;
persecutionof, II4, II5-16, 164, 177;
andreawakeningofIslam,3;reform
committeesof, 42;responsetojihad,
II4;revoltof,177-78,181-83,189,203-
4, 207,213,220-25;secretsocietiesof,
3I,IIO-II;andTurks,3, 24, 26-33, 4I,
43, 56, 58;andwartimeactions,xiii.
See alsoGermany;GreatBritain;
Shiites;Sunnis;war byrevolution
(Germany);war byrevolution(Great
Britain)
Archer,G. F., 195
Armenians,3, 7, 9, 24, 35, II3-14,164,
262n. 67
Arms Act(India), 77
ArmyGroupF(German),200-202,2II,
2I2, 221-22,224

Arslan,Shekib, 227

Asia Korps.SeePashaII

Askari.jaafirBey,al-, 146

Askeri,Sulayman,50, 129, 132

Asquith,HerbertHenry,154-55, 162

AuladAli, 146

Austria-Hungary,40, 88, II6-17, 226

Austro-PrussianWar, 6

al-AzharUniversity,12-13, 171

Bachmann,Walter, 81

Baghdadrailroad,8-9,14-15,24, 35-36,

38,40-4I,44, 20I, 2II

Bakhtiaris,85,132, 138

Balfour,A.J., 208, 219

BalfourDeclaration, 208

Balkanwars, 26, 33,34, 77

Ballin, Albert, 83

Bani Lam, 132

al-Barani,Sulayman,88, 93, 146,19I, 24

Barenfels, 52

Barkatullah,Maulvi,78, 120, I22-23, I28,

145

BasHamba,Ali, 50, 248n. 12

BasraReformCommittee, 42

Bentheirn,Baronvon, 88, I02

"Bernard," 199

Bernstorff,JohannHeinrichCountvon:

andArab revolt, 220, 222-24;andca-

pitulationsin Egypt, 2I;andCUP,

222;imperialismof,225;andJemalPa-

sha,220;and"Maurice,"2IO;and

Oppenheim,24;andrevolutionin In-

dia, 123-26;andSharifofMecca,223;

andTalaatPasha,223;andUnited

States,78-79,I25

BethmannHollweg,Theobaldvon,and

Britain,39, 46, 54;andEgypt, 52-53,

54,56-58;andHabibullah,I28;and

India,5I,54,I28;andJews, 1I2;and

Oppenheim,51,80;andpeace pro-

posal,86;andPersia, 80, 139;andTur-

key, 39, 58; waraimsof, 55, I06