Libya, 147;andaI-Masri,72;and
Oppenheim,19;andpan-Islamism,
25-26;andpeaceovertures,218-19;
andSharifofMecca, 160,161;and
Turkey,37, 40, 41, 69, 71;andYahya,
75
FourthArmy(Turkish),50,58-59,61,
70-71, 86,97-98,IOO-IOI,164,212, 222
France:andAliDinar,192;andArab al-
liance,75;andArabrevolt,75, 186-88;
andBaghdadrailroad,8;andBritain,
15,75,161,186-88,206-8,223;and
ConstantinopleAgreement,152;and
Germany,7;imperialistaimsof,
280n. 90;andOppenheim,22;and
peacesettlement,289n.13;andSharif
ofMecca, 75, 206;andSwitzerland,
197;andSykes-PicotAgreement,162,
206-7;andSyria, 75, 155,162,206-7,
223,280n. 90;andTripleEntente, 15
FranzJoseph,II7
Freemasons,24m. 32
FrenchForeignLegion,22,257n. 82
FrenchSomaliland,24-15
Frobenius,Leo,63,64-65,105-6,156-57
Fromkin,David,ix, 229
FuadSelim,173-74,197-98,2IO
Fundamentalism(Islam),xiii
Gali, Ali, 173
GallipoliPeninsula,76,95-96,IOI-2,
155,162, 170
German-ArmenianSociety,II4
Germanarmy,13,225
Germancolonialministry,167-68, 225
GermanEastAfrica, I04,167-68,176,
214,260n. 33,287n. 64.See also
Stotzingen,Othmarvon
Germanforeignministry:andAbadan,
83;andAbbasHilmi,198;and
Abyssinia,156;andAfghanistan,52,
79-82;andAliDinar,192;andAmir
Said,51;anti-Semitismin, II-12, 237-
INDEX 31938n. 40;andArabrevolt,179,181,198,
202-3,220,224;andArabs,42-43,151,
223;andArmenians,II4;and
Baghdadrailroad,44-45;andcolo-
nialministry,168;andEgypt,21-22,
51,54-55,57-58,87;andEnverPasha,
79,151;andexpeditionstoMiddle
East,59-66,128;andIbnSaud,164;
imperialismof, 168;andIndia,51,54,
120, 122-23, 128,217,226;andInfor-
mationServicefortheEast,67, I08;
Islamicsectionof, 50;andItaly,88;
andJemalPasha,II5,164-65,167;and
Libya, 89,151,190;andthenavy, 53,
190;andOppenheim,II, I08-12, 20I;
andOrientals,227-28;andpan-
Islamism,13-14, 167;andPersia,80,
129-30, 136,139,141;andPersian
Gulf,82-84;politicaldepartmentof,
50, 51,I08;andpropaganda,51,59,
20I;andRaufBey,135;andreserve
GeneralStaff(stellvertretende
Generalstab),50, 51,129-3°;and
Sanussis,191;andSharifofMecca,
164, 166;andSudan,168-69;and
Turkey,9-IO, 58,I08-9,151,202-3
GermanGeneralStaff:andAbadan,83;
andAbyssinia,156;andAfghanistan,
52,79;andArabrevolt,181;andBrit-
ishforces,49;andEastAfrica,167-69;
andEgypt,49, 52,167;andEnverPa-
sha,79, 140;andexpeditionsto
MiddleEast,59-66,174;andforeign
ministry,50, 51,129-3°;andjernalPa-
sha,165,167;andLibya, 89, 190;and
thenavy, 190;andpan-Islamism,167;
andPersia,128-30;andPersianGulf,
82,84; reservesection(stellvertretende
Generalstab)of, 50, I06;and
Sanussis,191;Sektion[JIbPolitikof,
50, 257n.82;andSudan,168-69;and
vonderGoltz,140;andwar byrevolu-
tion,49;andYoungTurks, 58