War by Revolution. Germany and Great Britain in the Middle East in the Era of World War I

MUSLIMUNRESTANDGERMANSUPPORT 45

anditsunder-secretary,ArthurZimmermann,placeda newloanon
theBerlinmarket-aloanurgentlyneededforextendingtheBaghdad
railwayanddemonstratingto TurkeyandtheEntentepowers
Germany'seconomicstrength.:"ByJuly1914,therefore,theBalkan
crisisthatsoonproducedtheworldwar wasthreateningtolose for
GermanynotonlyitsbridgetotheMiddleEastbutalsotheobjectof
its politicalandeconomicexpansionin theregion,theOttoman
Empire itself.