Before the Bobbies. The Night Watch and Police Reform in Metropolitan London, 1720-1830

180 Notes

reasons, one must suspect that the cost of an improved night watch would not

sit well with these less affluent parishes.

38. CJ, vol. XXXIII, pp. 447, 75~, 788, 791, 953.


39. St Paul and StJames, Piccadilly, also paid their men an intermediate rate in the
    spring and autumn months. In St George, Hanover Square, the watchmen and
    patrols were apparently paid one shilling a week all year round. St Mary-le-
    Strand and St Martin paid an average of just over a shilling a week year round.
    1m Westminster Committee Report, pp. 4-6.


40. Saffron Hill hired 13 watchmen year round, assisted by an additional two
    patrols in the four winter months. The watchmen's weekly salaries ranged
    from 1s. to 1s.2d., depending on the season per night; winter patrols were
    paid 10s.6d. a week. In the tiny Liberty of the Savoy, a single watchman stood
    guard and received 1s.2d. a night in winter and 10d. in summer. 1772 Westmin-
    ster Committee Report, pp. 4-6.


41. StJames, Piccadilly, VM, 1 May, 3 June, 1771. For amounts spent in other
    parishes, see my 'Night Watch', p. 201 and 1772 Westminster Comminee Report,
    pp. 4-6.


42. For a discussion of some of the historiographical debates surrounding this
    committee, see my 'Night Watch', pp. 202-5.


43. 1m Westminster Comminee Report, pp. 6-7.


44. The exceptions were the united parishes of St Giles and St George, Blooms-
    bury, and St Mary-le-Strand.


45. CJ, vol XXXIV; pp. 130, 141, 171.


46. Sir Charles Whitworth, The Draught of an Intended Act, for the Bener Regulation
    of the Nightly Watch and Beadles within the City and Liberty of Westminster, and
    Parts adjacent (1773), pp. iii-iv.


47. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, p. iv. On the roles and status of vestry
    clerks, see Webb and Webb, Parish and County, p. 35, 124-9.


48. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. v-vi.


49. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 4-7, 15-16.


50. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 18-22, 24-5. For additional detail,
    see my forthcoming 'Sir John Fielding, Sir Charles Whitworth, and the 1774
    Westminster Night Watch Act', Criminal Justice History.


51. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 25-6.


52. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 26-33.


53. See, for example, St Marylebone, VM, 7 Jan. 1m, when two patrols were
    disciplined.


54. StGeorge, Hanover Square, VM, 20 April1772, 1 May 1772.


55. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 52-5.


56. Rate collectors would be paid on a percentage basis, at a rate 'not exceeding Six
    Pence in the Pound of the clear Monies collected'. Whitworth, Draught of an
    Intended Act, pp. 40-44.


57. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, p. 37.


58. Sharpe, Crime in Early Modem England, p. 77. See also Wrightson, '1\vo
    Concepts of Order', p. 24 and Kent, The English VIllage Constable, pp. 282-311.


59. Whitworth, Draught of an Intended Act, pp. 31-4.


60. StGeorge, Hanover Square, VM, 26 Jan., 3 Feb. 1774.


61. StGeorge, Hanover Square, VM, 3 Feb. 1774.


62. H.B. Simpson, 'The Office of Constable', English Historical Review 10 (1895),
    p. 636.


63. CJ, vol. XXXI, pp. 432, 543; St George, Hanover Square, VM, 4 April 1774.
    For another example, see St Anne, Soho, VM, 1 March 1773 and 21 Dec. 1773.