186 Notes
inowicz, History, vol. III, pp. 108-23 and Philips, 'Law Enforcement in England,
1780-1830', pp. 165-8; and Devereaux, 'Convicts and the State', pp. 190-279.- Radzinowicz, History, vol. III, p. 123; Critchley, History of Police, p. 37. Palmer
contrasts what he calls the 'success' of the Dublin Police Act of 1786, modelled
on Reeves 1785 Police Bill, with the 'failure' of the latter. See his Police and
Protest, pp. 84-104, esp. pp. 84, 89-92. - Paley, 'Policing Before Peel', p. 109.
- For a fuller treatment of the Thames River Police, see Radzinowicz, History,
vol. II, pp. 349-404. - Quoted in Radzinowicz, History, vol. II, p. 363.
- Radzinowicz, History, vol. II, pp. 363-72.
- Radzinowicz, History, pp. 385-88. See also Palmer, Police and Protest, pp. 144-5.
- Radzin~wicz, History, vol. II, p. 385.
- Simon Devereaux notes the same sort of shift in government's attitude and
activity regarding criminal punishments and rightly notes the extent to which
many saw policing and punishment as points on the same continuum in reac-
tions to crime. Police reform was not necessarily a substitute for punishment or
vice versa, especially for committed reformers like Patrick Colquhoun. See
Devereaux, 'Convicts and the State', pp. 459-60. - Beattie, Crime and the Courts, p. 614.
- Bentham, Principles of Morals and Legislation, p. 261.
- See Map 1.1 for the spread of night watch systems.
- CJ, vol. XU, pp. 272, 312, 542, 901, 912, 939. Oink Commissioners divided
themselves into four groups, each group serving in rotation for a month. Clink
Liberty, PCM, 11 April 1787. The Commissioners also appear to have had an
unusual interest in hygiene. Watchmen were ordered 'to have a clean Shirt, be
clean shaved and have clean Hands and Faces every Sunday Night under the
Penalty of Six Pence'. Clink Liberty, PCM, 20 June, 10 Oct. 1787; 4 Nov. 1788. - CJ, vol. LX, pp. 592, 641, 1043, 1054, 1067-8.
- CJ,voi.LVll,pp. 11,29, 103,128,159,201,231,246,309-10,394,403,549,577,
618, 643. - CJ, vol. LXI, pp. 340-41, 355, 529.
- CJ, vol. XL, pp. 616, 1010, 1047, 1122.
- St Marylebone, WCM; 29 Jan. 1785, 5, 12, and 19 Feb. 1785; 16 April1785. For
other examples, see St George, Hanover Square, VM, 2 June 1786, 1 June
1787; St Anne, Soho, VM, 7 Sept. 1791. - St Luke, Old Street, TM, 23 Sept. 1790.
- See, for example, the hours set for Westminster in the 1774 Westminster Night
Watch Act, see above, Chap. 5. - St Marylebone, WCM, 29 March 1783, 26 April1783.
- For additional examples, my 'Night Watch', p. 310.
- Outlines of a Plan, p. 7.
- St Marylebone, WCM, 8 Jan. 1785.
- St Marylebone, WCM, 19 Feb. 1785.
- St Marylebone, WCM, 26 Jan. 1792. For details of this committee, see my
'Night Watch', pp. 311-13. - St Marylebone, WCM, 22 Oct. 1791, 20 Jan. 1792, 4 Feb. 1792, 24 Sept. 1792.
- These magistrates were B. Kennett, Thomas Walker, John Willock, R. Johnson,
and Michael Downs. StJames, Piccadilly, VM, 7 Dec. 1793. - StJames, Piccadilly, YM, 7 June 1794.
- St James, Piccadilly, VM, 22 Sept. 1794.
- StJames, Piccadilly, YM; 7, 11 and 17 June 1794; 22 Sept. 1794; 31 Dec. 1794.