194 Notes
- 'Cheap Government, 1815-1874', inN. Gash, Pillars of Government and Other
Essays on State and Society c. 1770-c. 1880 (Edward Arnold, 1986), p. 44. - J.E. Cookson, Lord Liverpool's Administration: the Crucial ~ars 1815-1822
(Hamden, Cf: Archon Books, 1975) pp. 21-6, 48-50, 78-80, 216-19. - Quoted in A Briggs, 'Middle-class Consciousness in English Politics, 1780-
1846', Past and Present 9 (1956), p. 68. - Quoted in E. Halevy,A History of the English People in the Nineteenth Century:
England in 1815, vol. I, trans. E.I. Watkins and D.A Baker (Ernest Benn,
1960), p. 106 - N. Gash, Lord Liverpool: The Life and Political Career of Robert Banks Jenkinson,
Second Earl of Liverpool1770-1828 (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1984), p. 126. - Sir N. Chester, The English Administrative System 1780-1870 (Oxford: Oaren-
don Pr~. 1981), pp. 123-68. - See W.D. Rubenstein, 'The End of "Old Corruption" in Britain, 1780-1860',
Past and Present 101 (1983), p. 57. - 'Lord Camden's Memorandum for the Duke of Wellington, June 1830', English
Historical Documents, 1783-1832, ed. A. Aspinall and EA. Smith (New York:
Oxford University Press, 1969), p. 301. - Gash, Lord Liverpool, p. 132.
- In 1816, Uverpool wrote to the Prince Regent that 'The Government certainly
hangs by a thread ... '. The need to recruit more support in the Commons was a
continual problem for Uverpool, one not helped by the issue of Catholic
Emancipation or the suicide of Castlereagh in 1822. The government's position
improved, however, in the 1820s, with the addition of younger men like Robert
Peel and William Huskisson. For fuller discussion, see Gash, Lord Liverpool,
Chaps. VII-X. - Palmer, Police and Protest, p. 165.
- Devon County Record Office, Sidmouth Papers, 1812 OA. See, for example,
Thomas Dornford, a failed wine merchant, to Sidmouth, 4 Dec. 1812 or
Frederick Matthew, a 'gentleman of small fortune ... though between 60 & 70
years of age, his strength of mind and body are unimpaired'. See Frederick
Matthew to Sidmouth, 11 Nov. 1812. - Devon County Record Office, Sidmouth Papers, Sidmouth to Thomas Coutts,
Esq., 25 Oct. 1815; same to the Earl of Beauchamp, 20 Dec. 1815.1 See also
Emsley, Crime and Society, p. 12. Simon Devereaux sees Sidmouth as also more
active than previous Home Secretaries in issues of pardons and punishments.
See Devereaux, 'Convicts and the State', pp. 415-20. - Gentleman's Magazine, July 1816, p. 79; Nov. 1816, p. 459.
- Palmer, Police and Protest, p. 171.
- PRO, HO 65/2, letter from Henry Oive for Sidmouth to the Police Magistrates,
25 Nov. 1820. - PRO, HO 59-2/30, 'Summary of respective Reports made by the Magistrates of
the different Police Offices on the present State of the Metropolis', 1820.
Hereafter cited as 'Summary'. For the complete text of Longley's suggestions,
see HO 59-1/30, John Longley to Lord Sidmouth, 12 Dec. 1820. About the
reserve force, Longley 'proposed an auxiliary Force ... not to be called out
except on particular Emergencies, and to be paid only when so called out.
The Inducements to Individuals so to enroll themselves were to consist in some
Exemptions, such as from the Militia & Parish Offices .... Your Lordship
observes this would double the regular Force with little Increase of
Expence ... .' This was the only suggestion that could be interpreted as addres-
sing directly the issue of crowd control.