Before the Bobbies. The Night Watch and Police Reform in Metropolitan London, 1720-1830

198 Notes

20. G. Rude, Criminal and V~etim: Crime and Society in Early Nineteenth-Century
    England (Oxford: Oarendon Press, 1985),.pp. 78-9.


21. Pari. Debates, 2nd Series, vol. XVIII, cols. 799-800.


22. Spring-Rice had been Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department in
    the Canning government. See Sir L Stephen and SirS. Lee (eds), Dictionary of
    National Biography (Oxford University Press, 1921-22), vol. XVIII, pp. 835-7.


23. CJ, vol. LXXXIII, p. 114. See also Gash, Mr. Secretary Peel, p. 494. Peel had
    probably learned from Lord Liverpool about how to manipulate select com-
    mittees. See B. Hilton, 'The Political Arts of Lord Liverpool', 11-ansactions of
    the Royal Historical Society, 5th ser., 38 (1988), pp. 157-9.


24. BSP, House of Commons, 1828, vol. VI, Report of the Select Committee on the
    Police, pp. 49~1. Hereafter cited as 1828 Select Committee Report on Police.


25. For Rawlinson's testimony, see 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, p. 61.
    Nineteen of the witnesses asked favoured centralizing, while only six rejected
    the idea.


26. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 50-63, 12U, 206-9.


27. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 21-2.


28. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 30-31. For changes in the City
    police in the 1820s, see Rumbelow, 1 Spy Blue, pp. 104-14. The Report did
    recommend that the City relinquish any jurisdiction over Southwark. See also
    Gash, Mr. Secretary Peel, p. 495.


29. A Police Magistrate, Remarks on the Present Unconnected State of the Police
    Authorities in the Metropolis, and a Method Proposed of Rendering Them More
    Effective (T. Hodson, 1821), p. 7.


30. Stephen, Practical Suggestions for the Improvement of the Police, pp. iii-iv.


31. Published in 1820, it sold 50,000 copies and was reprinted in the 1830s. J.J.
    Tobias, 'Introduction,' in Wade, Tteatise, p. v.


32. Wade, Tteatise, pp. 70-71.


33. Wade, Tteatise, pp. 90-91.


34. Wade, Tteatise, pp. 92-3.


35. Wade, 11-eatise, p. 94.


36. Wade, Tteatise, p. 95.


37. Wade, Tteatise, p. 98. ,


38. A Police Magistrate, Remarks on the Present Unconnected State of the Police, p. 7.


39. Stephen, Practical Suggestions, p. 24.


40. These had been the commonplace complaints about parish watch officers in
    previous years, to the point of being stereotypical by 1828. See, for example,
    Pearson, The London Charleys.


41. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 7~.


42. See British Ubrary, Additional Manuscripts 40396, Peel Papers, ff. 129-30,
    Peel to Hobhouse, 7 April 1828.


43. PRO, HO 60/1, S.M. Phillips to Bow Street, 10 April 1828.


44. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 30-31.


45. See Hart, 'Reforming the Borough Police', pp. 411-15.


46. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 90, 94, 209-10, 247-8, 255, 259.


47. Cobbett's Pari. Debates, 2nd Series, vol. XVIII, col. 795.


48. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 131, 132, 136.


49. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, p. 260. For other examples of local
    officials being asked similar questions, see also pp. 196, 218 and 223.


50. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 21, 31.


51. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, pp. 130-31.


52. 1828 Select Committee Report on Police, p. 260.