Confucian Statecraft and Korean Institutions. Yu Hyongwon and the Late Choson Dynasty - James B. Palais
1042 NOTES TO CHAPTER 4
- Ibid. II :5a-b; see also the Wang-chih section of the Book of Rites, ibid. I I :9b, and
the Hsiieh-ehi section of the Book of Rites, II :6b.
- Ibid. IT:9b-J la.
- Ibid. 1 I:14b. John Chaffee discusses the problem of regional quotas in the Sung
dynasty in The Thorny Gates of Learning in Sung China: A Social History of Examina-
tions (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985).
25· PGSR I I :13a.
- Ibid. II, 2b, 4a, lOa. 14b.
- See Yu's quote of Chu Hsi about the correspondence between clothing and rank
in ancient times, ihid. 11: T 3b, and exemption from miscellaneous labor service (yoyiik)
for the "accomplished scholars" (chosa), ibid. II: lOb.
- Ibid. II :6b-7a; lOb; commentary of Mr. Fang; I Ia; I lb.
- Ibid. II:I Ib, Ila.
- For the Book oj'Etiquette and Ceremonial (I-Ii) portion, see ibid. I I :41 -55a; for
the Book of Rites. sec 1 T :53a-55a.
- Yu also appended to this section reference to the use of the wine-drinking rite in
the Tang dynasty in association with the presentation of degree-holders or examination
passers at the chou or prefectural level. Here men of worth were honored as guests and
the degree-holding expectant officials took part in the ceremony along with the district
magistrate (Tz'u-shih) who functioned as hosl. In the winter other wine rituals were held
for honoring the elderly. The Tang-chih section of the Tang-shu, for the chen-kuan period,
627-50, cited in ihid. II :55a-60b.
- Ibid. I2:25a-b. In 178 B.C., Emperor Wen of the Han dynasty ordered the recom-
mendation of scholars for positions, and in 165 B.C. he also ordered feudal lords, princes,
and high officials to recommend worthy and good men. Ibid. I4:2b. Another case of rec-
ommendation was mentioned for high official>, in the reigns of Emperors Wen (r.
1110-157), Ching (156-140), and Yuan (r. 411-32). Ibid. 14:2b-3h.
- Ibid. 12: 1 h-1 2a, 3a-b.
- Ibid. 12:3b-4b.
- Ibid. 12:28a-b.
- Ibid. 12:29a.
- Ibid. 14:4a-5a, 30a-b, Tung-tien, ch. IS, p. 103. See Ch'ing-lien Huang, "The
Recruitment and Assessment of Civil Officials under the Tang" (Ph.D. diss., Princeton
University, 1986). p. 106.
3l:L MiyaLaki lchisada, Ajia rekishi jiten [Dictionary of Asian history 1 (Tokyo: Hei-
bonsha, 1962) 2:391-92; Miyazaki, Kyilhin kanjinhiJ 110 kenkyil (Kyoto: Toyoshi
kenkyu, 1956).
- PGSR 12:6a-b. At first the Chung-cheng was assigned to the ChUn or comman-
dcry. Later in the Chin dynasty (265-90) the system was expanded and a hierarchy of
officials were established to perform these tasks at other administrative levels.
- Ibid. J 4:Sb-9b.
- Ihid. J 2:7a-8a for the views of Liu I; 8b-9a for the views of Wei Chuan.
- Ibid. J2:26b-27b,
- Ibid. 12: loa-b.
