- chapter 18: Political systems and law –
29 Colonna 1988, 24.
30 Heurgon 1957, 97; Emiliozzi 1993.
31 ET AT 108.
32 Maggiani 1996, 106; van der Meer 2004, 24; AT 100.
33 Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1.30.
34 Liv 5.1.5.
35 Rix 1984, 461.
36 Rix 1984, TLE 233.
37 Rix 1984 and Maggiani 2001a, 237–238.
38 Liv. 1.8.3.
39 Cristofani 1984, 124.
40 It should be noted that this review concentrates only on the most visible, political magistracies
and is not by any means exhaustive; for this reason, non-political positions, such as cepen (or
priest) are not included.
41 Maggiani 2001a, 229; Maggiani 2001b, 40.
42 ET AT 121; TA 1.196; van der Meer 2004, 24–25; Maggiani 2006, 109–113.
43 Maggiani 2001a, 235–237.
44 Maggiani 1996, 114–116; Maggiani 2001a, 237.
45 TLE 324.
46 For the fi rst suggestion, see Heurgon 1964, 51, for the latter see Maggiani 1996, 116 and
Maggiani 2001a, 237.
47 Maggiani 1996, 101 and 136, n. 69; Maggiani 2001c, 72–73; Maggiani 2002, 167–168.
48 Facchetti 89–94, ET Ta 8.1.
49 Colonna 1976; Jannot 1984, 48–49, fi gs. 171–73; Palerme 8385. This cippus dates to the
second quarter of the fi fth century bce.
50 Potter 1979, 85.
51 SE LV 1989, 325–326, n. 95, tav: XLV; Maggiani 2001a, 236; Morandi Tarabella 2004, 270.
52 Maggiani 2001a, 236. On such projects at Volsinii, see the new discoveries, Chapter 36.
53 Maggiani 1996.
54 Haynes 2000, 287. CIE 5312; TLE 320. The sarcophagus is dated to the mid-fourth century
bce.
55 See Becker (forthcoming).
56 For a full list of these inscriptions, see Watmough 1997, 47–51; Becker 2010. It is also
possible that a black glaze bowl inscribed maru, the name of the type of magistracy itself (but
without the specifi c name of the magistrate), might belong to this category. If this bowl was
intended for a city maru, it should be considered whether this bowl was also city property and
if so, for what was it to be used (SE 2007 73: 289–90)?
57 The small bronze piece was found at Suana/Sovana, in the territory of Populonia and has three
tick marks on the reverse side (SE 1972 v. 40, 408–409 no. 13). For the Clusine dolium, see
ET Cl 2.27 and SE 1978 v. 46, 370–71 no. 123; TLE 487. Both objects are now housed in
the Museo Archeologico di Firenze.
58 See for example, G. R. Davidson and D. B. Thompson. 1943. Small Objects from the Pnyx, v. 1.
(Hesperia; supplement 7), 28 no. 3, 30 no. 26. Athens: American School of Classical Studies
and J. C. Donati. 2010. “Marks of state ownership and the Greek agora at Corinth.” AJA
114 .1: 3–26.
59 Varro. L.L. 5.143. For more on the nature of Etruscan boundaries, see Edlund-Berry’s (2006)
authoritative survey.
60 Front. de limitibus F22, 10–11.
61 See respectively, N. L. C. Stevens. 2009. “A new reconstruction of the Etruscan heaven.” AJA
113.2: 153–64 and L. B. van der Meer. 1987. The bronze liver of Piacenza. Amsterdam: J.C.
Gieben.