316 • Notes to Pages 70–82- Boghurst,Loimographia, 20 – 26 ; Symon Patrick to Elizabeth Gauden, Sept. 30 ,
1665 , in Patrick,Works, 9 : 584. - The historical literature is enormous, but the evolution of these concepts can be
followed in Leonard F. Hirst,The Conquest of Plague: A Study of the Evolution of Epide-
miology(Oxford, England, 1953 ), chs. 2 and 3. Cipolla,Miasmas and Disease,brings the
subject up to date for Italian medical culture. The Wellcome Trust symposium on
“Contagion: Perspectives from Pre-modern Societies” in September 1994 included very
informative discussions. We thank the presenters and discussants, esp. Vivian Nutton.
On theories of early modern hygiene, see Heikki Mikkeli,Hygiene in the Early Modern
Medical Tradition(Helsinki, 1999 ). Mary J. Dobson,Contours of Death and Disease in
Early Modern England(Cambridge, 1997 ), is definitive on the role of the environment. - Girolamo Fracastoro,De Contagione et Contagionis Morbis,trans. Wilbur Cave
Wright (Los Angeles, 1992 ), 151 – 57. - For the continuing intellectual ferment over plague on the medical frontier, see
ch. 7 (this volume), “The Doctors Stumble.” - The most searching and balanced analysis of Fracastoro’s understanding of infec-
tious disease and his influence on modern interpretations is Vivian Nutton, “The Re-
ception of Fracastoro’s Theory of Contagion,”Osiris, 2 d ser., 6 ( 1990 ): 196 – 234.
Chapter 4. Fleeing or Staying?
- M. J. Power, “The Social Topography of Restoration London,” in Beier and Finlay,
The Making of the Metropolis, 211 , table 26. - On the Davies family, see Esther S. Cope,Handmaid of the Holy Spirit: Dame
Eleanor Davies, “Never Soe Mad a Ladie”(Ann Arbor, 1992 ). We thank Phyllis Mack for
bringing this informative study to our attention. - The Hastings papers at the Huntington Library in San Marino, Calif., are an ex-
traordinary family trove, to be supplemented by Cope,Handmaid of the Holy Spirit.We
thank the curator of manuscripts, Mary Robertson, for assisting us. - Gervase Jacques to the countess and earl of Huntingdon, Apr. 25 , 1665 ,HL HA
- Beatrix Clarke to the countess of Huntingdon, Oct. 28 , 1666 , HL HA 1466.
- Jacques to the countess and earl, May 9 , 1665 , HL HA 7650.
- John Allin to Philip Fryth, May 26 , 1665 , ESRO FRE 5450 ; Josselin,Diary, 518 – 19.
- See the metropolitan bill for May 9 – 16 ; St. Paul Covent Garden Register, 33 ;Pa-
trick,Works, 9 : 442 ; and Bell,The Great Plague, 19 – 20. - In the east end, poor Whitechapel and St. Botolph Bishopsgate averaged only 2. 4
and 2. 6 hearths per residence. But in the west end’s courtier area, St. Martin in the
Fields had a moderately wealthy median of 5 hearths, and across the river John Allin’s
St. Olave Southwark was just below that figure at 4. 3 hearths. North of the wall, the
immense parish of St. Giles Cripplegate had only 3 hearths on average, while western
suburbs of St. Dunstan in the West, St. Clement Danes, and St. Andrew Holborn had
the highly respectable figures of 5. 3 , 5. 9 , and 6. 3 hearths. These figures from M. J.