S. Kot, 'Anglo-Polonica', in Nauka Polska, xx (1935). See also Jan Dqbrowski, Polacy
w Anglii i o Anglii (Cracow, 1962).
H. Zavrian, The Polish Armenian Colony', Armenian Review (1951), 13 ff.; also
G. Pettowicz, L'Unione degli Armeni di Polonia con la Santa Sede, 1626-86 (Rome,
1952); M. Zakrzewska-Dubasowa, 'Z badan nad osadnictwem ormanskim.. .', in
Polska w Europie, ed. H. Zins (Lublin, 1968), 161-74; C. Lechicki, Kosciol ormanski
w Polsce—Zarys historyczny (Lwow, 1928).
L. Bohdanowicz, The Muslims in Poland', Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1942),
163-80.
The standard work, S. M. Dubnow, The History of the Jews in Russia and Poland
(Philadelphia, 1916-20), 3 vols., is somewhat tendentious. The best introduction to
Jewish problems is in the copious articles of the English language Encyclopaedia
Judaica (Jerusalem, 1971-). See also Gershon Hundert, 'Recent Studies relating to the
Jews in Poland from the earliest times to the Partition period', Polish Review, xviii,
No. 4 (1973), 34-51.
Encyclopaedia Judaica, op. cit. x, 761 ff. See also S. Assaf, The Rise of the Karaite Sect
(New York, 1937); ed. P. Birnbaum, Karaite Studies (New York, 1971); G. Scholem,
Sabbatai Sevi: the mystical Messiah, 1626—76 (London, 1973).
Martin Buber, The Origin and Meaning of Hasidism (New York, i960);
H. M. Rabinowicz, The World of Hasidism (London, 1970).
Quoted by Z. L. Sulima, Historya Franka i Frankistow (Cracow, 1893), Ch. 8. See also
A. Kraushar, Frank i frankisci polscy (Warsaw, 1895), 2 vols.
Ksiegi Miejskie Kaliskie (1612), A Dekret 1/k 180, quoted by B. Baranowski, Procesy
czarownic w Polsce w XVII i XVIII wiekach (Lodz, 1952).
CHAPTER 7. SZLACHTA
A. Wyczanski, Uwarstwienie spoleczne w Polsce w XVI-tym wieku (Wroclaw etc.,
1977), Part III, 'Grupy spoleczno-zawodowe', 202—24.
Ibid. Part I, 'Struktura spoleczno-majatkowa szlachty'.
The usage of Szlachta in the limited sense of 'the gentry' is not confined to Marxists,
although it accords very conveniently with Marxist criteria. Dictionary definitions
offer no solution, since they record the various usages which occur, but without mak-
ing judgements on them. The Kosciuszko Foundation Dictionary (The Hague, 1965),
ii, gives Szlachta = noblemen, nobles, nobility, gentlefolk(s), gentry; the Wielki
Slownik Polsko-angielski (Warsaw, 1969), gives szlachta = nobility.
On the origins of the Szlachta, see Wladyslaw Smolenski, 'Szlachta w swietle wlasnych
opinii', Pisma historyczne, i (Cracow, 1901), 1-30. On the growth of the szlachta's legal
privileges, see J. Bardach, ed., Historia panstwa i prawa Polski do 1795 r (Warsaw,
1964), and more specifically S. Kutrzeba, Przywilej jedlenski 1430 (Cracow, 1911);
M. Bobrzynski, O ustawodawstwie nieszawskim Kazimierza Jagiellonczyka (Cracow,
1911); A. Vetulani, 'Geneza statutu warckiego o wykupie solectw', Kwartalnik
Historyczny (1969), nr. 3, 557-81.
See Karol Szajnocha, 'Nastanie szlachty i herbow w Polsce', Dziela, ii (Warsaw, 1876),
215-56.
Z.J. Gasiorowski, The Conquest Theory of the Genesis of the Polish State', Speculum,
xxx (1955), 550-60.
See J. Adamus, Polska Teoria Rodowa (Lodzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe: Publications
nr. 23) (Lodz, 1958), contains an extensive survey of the historiography.
See O. Halecki, 'O poczatkach szlachty i heraldyki na Litwie', Kwartalnik
Historyczny, xxix (1915), 177-207.
Franciszek Piekosinski, Heraldyka polska wiekow srednich (Cracow, 1899). See also
S. Konarski, Armorial de la noblesse polonaise titree (Paris, 1958); A. Boniecki, Herbarz
polski, Part I (Warsaw, 1899-1913), 17 vols.; W. Dworaczek, Genealogia (Warsaw, 1959).
