420 NOTES
- P. Skwarczynski, 'The Problem of Feudalism in Poland up to the beginning of the six-
teenth century', Slavonic and East European Review, xxxiv (1956), 2.92-310; see also
O. Backus, 'The Problem of Feudalism in Lithuania, 1506-48', Slavic Review, xxi
(1962), 639-59; and T. Manteuffel, 'On Polish Feudalism', Mediaevalia et Humanistica
(Boulder, Colorado, 1964), fasc. 16, 94-104. - The specific characteristics of the Nobility in particular societies are well revealed by
comparative studies of different countries. See Jean Meyer, Noblesses et pouvoirs dans
I'Europe d'Ancien Regime (Paris, 1973), especially the chapter 'Le Croissant
Nobiliaire: Pologne-Espagne'. - Quoted by W. R. Morfill, Poland—the story of the nations, No. 33 (London, 1893),
84-6. On the rise of the magnates, see Chapter XVII, note 8. - See J. Ochmanski, Powstanie i rozwoj latyfundium Biskupstwa Wilenskiego,
1387-1550 (Poznan, 1963), passim. - Marian Biskup, 'Rozmieszczenie wlasnosci ziemskiej wojewodztw chelmiriskiego i
malborskiego w drugiej polowie XVI w', Roczniki Towarzystwa Naukowego w
Toruniu, Vol. 60, (for 1955), nr. 2 (Torun, 1957). - Wyczanski, op. cit. (see note 1), 57-9.
- Despite the apparent simplicity of the exercise, scholars have not established any gen-
erally accepted analysis of the internal structures of the Szlachta. See Karol Gorski, 'Les
structures sociales de la noblesse polonaise au Moyen-Age', Le Moyen Age (Paris),
lxxiii (1967), 73-85; Andrzej Zajaczkowski, 'En Pologne: cadres structurales de la
noblesse', Annates (Paris) xviii (1963), 88—102. - Adam Hornecki, Produkcja i handel zboiowy w latyfundium Lubomirskich, c. 1650-1750,
PAN-w Krakowie: Prace Komisjii Nauk Historycznych, nr. 27 (Wroclaw, 1970). - Ignacy Krasicki, Satyra X, 'Pan niewart slugi' (A Lord unfit for his servants), lines
75-96, Pisma Wybrane (Warsaw, 1954), ii, 50-1. - Andrzej Wyczanski, 'L'economie du domaine nobiliaire moyen en Pologne, 1500-80,'
Annales (Paris), xviii (1963), 81-7. - Maria Biernacka, Wsie Drobnoszlacheckie na Mazowszu i Podlesiu, Polish Academy
of Sciences: Institute of the History of Material Culture (Wroclaw, etc., 1966). - Adam Mickiewicz, Pan Tadeusz, Book VI; adapted from the prose translation by
G. R. Noyes, Everyman's Library No. 842 (London, 1930), 167-70. - W. Smoleiiski, 'Mazowiecka szlachta w poddanstwie proboszczow plockich', Pisma
historyczne, i (Cracow, 1901), 111-72. - W. N. Trepka, Liber Generationis vel Plebeanorum (Liber Chamorum), ed.
W. Dworaczek (Wroclaw, 1963): 'Proemium'. - Abramowicz, an ex-carter from Biecz who obtained the leasehold of the manor of
Kwiatonowice, admitted his ignobility in court in 1622 after failing to attend the
annual review of the pospolite ruszenie. Zyznanski, a former cobbler from Checin,
masqueraded as a nobleman after obtaining the office of secretary in the District Court.
Liber Chamorum, Nos. 1 and 2534. - See W. Lozinski, Prawem i Lewem: Obyczaje na Czerwonej Rusi (Lwow, 1913), 2
vols.; Chapter 1, 'Niedostatki Prawa'. - Ibid.
- Daniel Defoe, The Compleat English Gentleman, ed. K. D. Bulbring (London, 1890),
21,29-31,114. - See Materialy do Biografii, Genealogii, i Heraldyki Polskiej, ed. S. Konarski (Paris-
Buenos Aires, 1963-7), 5 vols. - Cited by E. Starczewski, Moznowladztwo polskie na tle dziejow (Kiev, 1916), 2 vols,
Chapter II. - Jan Kochanowski, Na Lipe (To the Linden Tree), Fraszki, Bk. II, translated by
Norman Davies; Wsi wesola, Wsi spokojna, translated by John Bowring, Specimens of
the Polish Poets (London, 1827), 63-6.