Chapter XVIII: Artificial Intelligence: Retrospects
1 Alan M. Turing, "Computing Machinery
and Intelligence", Mind, Vol. LlX, No. 236
(1950). Reprinted in A. R. Anderson, ed.,
Minds and Machines.
2 Turing in Anderson, p. 5.
" Ibid., p. 6.
4 Ibid., p. 6.
5 Ibid., p. 6.
6 Ibid., pp. 13-4.
7 Ibid., pp. 14-24.
" Ibid., p. 17.- Vinton Cerf, "Parry Encounters the Doc-
tor", p. 63.
10 Joseph Weizenbaum, Computer Power and
Human Reason, p. 189.
11 Ibid., pp. 9-10.
12 M. Mathews and L. Rosier, "A Graphical
Language for Computer Sounds" in H. von
Foerster and J. W. Beauchamp, eds., Music by
Computer.I, p. 96.
13 Ibid., p. 106.
14 Carl Sagan, Communication with Extrater-
restrial Intelligence, p. 52.
15 Art-Language, Vol. 3, No.2, May 1975.
16 Terry Winograd, "A Procedural Model
of Language Understanding", in R. Schank
and K. Colby, eds., Computer Models of
Thought and Language, p. 170.
17 Ibid., p. 175.
1" Ibid., p. 175.
19 Terry Winograd, Understanding Natural
Language, p. 69.
20 Winograd, "A Procedural Model", pp.
182-3.
21 Ibid., pp. 171-2.Chapter XIX: Artificial Intelligence: Prospects
1 The New Yorker, Sept. 19, 1977, p. 107.
2 Ibid., p. 140.
"George Steiner, After Babel, pp. 215-227.
4 David E. Rumelhart, "Notes on a Schema
for Stories", in D. Bobrow and A. Collins,
eds., Representation and Understanding, p. 211.5 Stanislaw Ulam, Adventures of a Mathemati-
cian, p. 183.
6 Marvin Minsky, "Steps Toward Artificial
Intelligence", in E. Feigenbaum and J.
Feldman, eds., Computers and Thought, p. 447.
7 Ibid., p. 446.Chapter XX: Strange Loops, Or Tangled Hierarchies
1 A. L. Samuel, "Some Moral and Techni-
cal Consequences of Automation-A Refuta-
tion", Science 132 (Sept. 16, 1960), pp. 741-2.
2 Leonard B. Meyer, Music, The Arts, and
Ideas, pp. 161, 167.Notes
3 Suzi Gablik, Magritte, p. 97.
4 Roger Sperry, "Mind, Brain, and
Humanist Values", pp. 78-83.
5 H .T. David.]. S. Bach's Musical Offering,
p.43.745