Invitation to Psychology

264 Chapter 7 Thinking and Intelligence

cognitive psychology 227
concept 228
basic concept 228
prototype 229
proposition 229
cognitive schema 229
mental image 229
subconscious processes 229
nonconscious processes 230
implicit learning 230
mindlessness 230
algorithms 231
heuristics 231
intuition 231
insight 231
reasoning 232
formal reasoning 232
informal reasoning 232

dialectical reasoning 232

reflective judgment 233

prereflective thinking 233

quasi-reflective thinking 234

affect heuristic 235

availability heuristic 236

avoidance of loss 236

framing effect 236

fairness bias 236

Ultimatum Game 236

behavioral economics 237

hindsight bias 238

confirmation bias 238

mental set 239

cognitive dissonance 239

postdecision dissonance 240

justification of effort 241

intelligence 242

psychometrics 242

factor analysis 242

g factor 242

crystallized

intelligence 243

fluid intelligence 243

mental age (MA) 243

intelligence quotient (IQ) 243

Stanford–Binet Intelligence

Scales 243

Wechsler Adult Intelligence

Scale (WAIS) 244

Wechsler Intelligence Scale

for Children (WISC) 244

stereotype threat 245

cognitive approach to

intelligence 246

working memory 247

metacognition 247

triarchic theory of

intelligence 247

componential/analytic

intelligence 247

experiential/creative

intelligence 247

contextual/practical

intelligence 247

tacit knowledge 248

emotional

intelligence 248

heritability 249

cognitive ethology 255

theory of mind 256

anthropomorphism 259

artificial intelligence 260

convergent versus divergent

thinking 261

Key Terms