Science - 06.12.2019

samples collected from the channel walls after
the eruption ceased. We also measured varia-
tions in channel velocity and vent activity using
nadir-viewing UAS video. Thermal images
were collected in short campaigns using a
handheld thermal camera positioned 300 m
from the vent. Seismic tremor was tracked by
a permanent seismometer 1 km from the vent,
and infrasound was measured by a temporary
four-microphone array 500 m from the vent.
Summit collapses and the ensuing deforma-
tion changes on the ERZ were tracked with
several electronic tiltmeters.

REFERENCES AND NOTES

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3. S. F. Jenkins, S. J. Day, B. V. E. Faria, J. F. B. D. Fonseca,
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4. D. Tedescoet al., January 2002 volcano-tectonic eruption of
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Summit tilt, μrad

Bulk effusion rate, m

3 s

-1

RSAM, counts(Lower ERZ)

Infrasound energy,Pa

2 s (Lower ERZ)

Hours (HST),

July 26, 2018

Hours (HST),

July 29, 2018

Hours (HST),

August 2, 2018

summit

collapse

event

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Fig. 8. Other examples of LERZ surges after summit collapse events.
(A,E, andI) Summit ground tilt (station UWD) showing the time of summit
collapse events. (B,F, andJ) LERZ RSAM showing the increase in RSAM after
the summit collapse events. (C,G, andK) Infrasound energy at the LERZ vent

increased within minutes of the summit collapse events. (D,H, andL) Estimated

bulk effusion rates began rising within 20 min of the summit collapse events

( 30 ) and peaked several hours afterward. Gray area shows the uncertainty in

effusion rate estimates based on ±1 m uncertainty in lava level in the channel.

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