302 Index
agreeableness
effect on friendship formation, 27, 30– 31
effect on number of friendships, 25
effect on quality of friendships, 25– 26
effects of friendship on, 31– 32
and forgiveness vs. revenge in friendships, 198
aid, instrumental
and friendship in childhood and adolescence, 4
and mentoring, 143, 145, 149, 150– 151, 152
Aikins, J. W., 8
Ali, Muhammad, 283
Alibhai, A. M., 196– 197
Allen, K. M.
effects of pet ownership on hypertension, 165
effects of pet ownership on stress and anxiety,
164– 165
general health benefits of pet ownership, 166
Allen, K. R ., 47
alliances
and friendship in childhood and adolescence,
4– 5
political and social, 81– 82
Allport, G. W., 79– 80
ambivalent friendships, as source of stress,
242– 243
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 170
animals, as friends
and addressing social anxiety, 169– 170
and anthropomorphism, 159– 160, 168– 169
benefits for humans in adulthood, 162– 166
benefits for humans in childhood, 161– 162,
164, 166
benefits over the life span, 169
defining animals as friends, 158– 160
effects of pet ownership on hypertension, 165
effects of pet ownership on stress and anxiety,
164– 165
and human sense of self, 157– 158
psychosocial and other benefits for animals,
167– 168
and social needs fulfillment, 167f
and social resources, 170
Anna Karenina (Tolstoy), 112– 113
Ansell, E., 197
anthropomorphism, and human- pet relationships,
159– 160, 168– 169
anxiety
effects of pet ownership on, 164– 165
and friendship experiences in childhood and
adolescence, 8– 9
Aristotle
necessity of friendship, ix, xi
Nicomachean Ethics, 61
and theoretical origins of friendship, 66
Aron, A., 114, 296
Arriaga, X. B., 118
Asher, S. R ., 203
assessment of friendship, 5– 6
assimilation, expectations of in society, 77– 78
attachment theory
and adult friendship, 69– 70
influence in the literature on friendship, 295
and relational needs, 110, 118– 119
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and
friendship intervention programs, 14
autonomy, and workplace friendships, 129– 130
aversive experiences in friendship
divergent perspectives on, 201
intent to harm, 201
reparatory behavior, 201– 202
severity of harm, 200– 201
Aylor, B., 271, 278Bagwell, C. L., 3
Bakan, D., 214
Banks, S. P., 182
Barnes, J., 235
Barris, M. A., 190
Barry, C. M., 11
Bartlett, H., 50
Bartoo, H., 249
Baumeister, R ., 200– 201
Baxter, L. A., 129
Baym, N. K., 274– 275
Bazarova, N. N., 99
Bean, D., 185
befriending programs, and mental health
functioning, 262
behavioral motifs and processes
behavioral motifs, defined, 42
behavioral motifs of friendship, interventions
in old age, 51
behavioral processes, defined, 43
and friendship in old age, 48– 50
Bellah, C. G., 197
Bellur, S., 97
Benenson, J. F., 203
bereavement, and new friendships in old
age, 50
Berkman, L. F., 291
Berndt, T. J., 216, 217
Berscheid, Ellen, 296
Besag, V. E., 79
Besikci, Ezgi, friendship and romance, xx,
109– 122
Between Gay and Straight: Understanding
Friendship Across Sexual Orientation
(Tilman- Healy), 69
Binder, J. F., 269
Blake, William, 197
Blascovich, J., 164, 166
Bleske, A. L., 220
Bleske- Rechek, A., 220