Notes to Chapter 1 235
12 5. Dirk Jan Struik, “Norbert Wiener: Colleague and Friend,” American Dialog 3 (1)
(1966): 34–37.
Bonnie Honig, Democracy and the Foreigner (Princeton: Princeton University
Press, 2003).
On the one hundred twentieth anniversary of his birth and the fiftieth anniver-
sary of his death, the IEEE held a medium-sized conference in Boston on June 24–26,
2014, titled Norbert Wiener in the Twenty-first Century, including a gathering of
biographers, former students of his, and rising scholars interested in his life and
work.
Conway and Siegelman, Dark Hero, 314–316. See also Peters, “Toward a Geneal-
ogy of Cold War Communication Science.”
Gerovitch, From Newspeak to Cyberspeak, 154–155, 301, passim.
James W. Carey with John J. Quirk, “The Mythos of the Electronic Revolution,”
in Communication and Culture: Essays on Media and Society, 113–141 (New York:
Unwin Hyman, 1989).
For more on feedback in the Western political tradition, see Otto Mayr, Author-
ity, Liberty, and Automatic Machinery in Early Modern Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hop-
kins University Press, 1989), 144; see also Bernard Geoghegan, “The Cybernetic
Apparatus: Media, Liberalism, and the Reform of the Human Sciences,” Ph.D. diss.,
Northwestern University, Chicago, 2012.
Gerovitch, From Newspeak to Cyberspeak, 122.
Graham, Lonely Ideas, 1–4. For contrasting portraits of the local contingencies
and practices that animate laboratory work, see Galison, Image and Logic, and Latour,
Science in Action.
Dima Adamsky, The Culture of Military Innovation: The Impact of Cultural Factors
on the Revolution in Military Affairs in Russia, the US, and Israel (Stanford: Stanford
University Press, 2010), 37, 24–57.
Medina notes that “Beer was well aware of the Soviet approach to cybernetic
management, and he viewed it with open contempt.” Eden Medina, Cybernetic Revo-
lutionaries: Technology and Politics in Allende’s Chile (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2011), 63.
Herbert Spencer, The Principles of Sociology, 3rd ed. (New York: Westminster,
[1876] 1896), 460–462, 478–545.
Charles Horton Cooley, Sociological Theory and Social Research: Selected Papers of
Charles Horton Cooley (New York: Henry Holt, 1930), 6.
O’Shea, The Brain, 1.