How Not to Network a Nation. The Uneasy History of the Soviet Internet

252 Notes to Chapters 4 and 5

86. 
    

    Ibid., 33.

    
    


87. 
    

    Ibid., 165.

    
    


88. 
    

    Malinovsky, Store Eternally, 61–62.

    
    

Chapter 5: The Undoing of the OGAS, 1970 to 1989

1. Gerovitch, “InterNyet,” 343.


2. Glushkov, “Shto skazhet istoria?”


3. Malinovksy, Vechno Khranit, 61.


4. Gerovitch, From Newspeak to Cyberspeak, 280.


5. K. N. Rudnev, “Vyichislitel’naya tekhnika v narodnom khozyyaistve,” Izvestiya,
   September 4, 1963, cited in Kuteinikov, “Pervie proekti,” 136.


6. Malinovsky, Istoriia vychislitel’noi tekhniki v litsakh [History of Computing Technology
   in Personalities], reproduces a transcription of Glushkov’s dictated memoirs, Vopreki
   Avtoritetam [Despite the Authorities], accessed April 15, 2015, http://lib.ru/MEMUARY/
   MALINOWSKIJ/5.htm, and in partial English translation in “Academician Glush-
   kov’s ‘Life Work,’” accessed April 15, 2015, http://en.uacomputing.com/stories/
   ogas.


7. Glushkov, Vopreki Avtoritetam.


8. Ibid.


9. Ibid.


10. For more on the proposed structure of the OGAS, see Martin Cave, Computers
    and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (New York: Cambridge University Press,
    1980), 13–15.


11. Malinovskii, Istoriia vychislitel’noi tekhniki v litsakh, 43–44.


12. Viktor M. Glushkov, “Dlya vsei strani,” Pravda, December 13, 1981. See also
    Malinovsky, Vechno Khranit, 64, cf. 65. Other bibliographies suggest strani or
    “nation,” not “state,” is correct, although this remains unconfirmed.


13. Kuteinikov, “Pervie proekti,” 97.


14. Gerovitch, “InterNyet,” 345–346.


15. Kuteinikov, “Pervie proekti,” 101.


16. Ibid., 119.