How Not to Network a Nation. The Uneasy History of the Soviet Internet

(Ben Green) #1

288 Index


Automatic System of Planning Accounts
(ACPR), 167
Automatic System of State Statistics
(ASGS), 167
Automation, 33, 39, 103
Autopoiesis, 27


Bagramyan, Ivan, 144
Baidu search, 198
Bakaev, O. O., 119
Baran, Paul, 54–55, 94–97, 100, 104,
120, 144, 171, 198, 202
Barthes, Roland, 26
Bateson, Gregory, 19, 27
Baybakov, Nikolai K., 163
Beer, Stafford, 27–28, 54, 56, 113, 120
Befehlswirtschaft, 57
Belkin, B. D., 70, 161
Berg, Aksel’, 44, 46–47, 50, 67, 82, 85,
88–89, 136, 184–185, 215
BESM (bol’shaya electronicheskaya schet-
naya mashina), 126
Birman, A. M., 70–71, 161
Blagoveshensky, Y., 119
Blat, 75, 78
Block switching, 97. See also Internet,
packet switching
Bogdanov, Aleksandr, 28
“The Book,” 176, 179–180
Botvinnik, Mikhail, 13, 118, 176–180,
215
Brain. See also Neural networks
brain-computer analogy, 18, 27, 95–
96, 100, 118–119
OGAS as, 119–120
and programming languages, 121
state as, 55, 120, 202
The Brain of the Firm, 28
“The Brain,” 50
Brezhnev, Leonid, 48, 57, 62, 64–65, 67,
85, 88, 103, 153, 162–163, 215
Bruk, Isaak, 84–85
Bukharin, Nikolai, 58


Bureaucracy, 63–64, 69–70, 171, 185,
213–214
Bush, Vannevar, 85
Byitie, 203

Capek, Karl, 39
Capitalism, 10
Carnap, Rudolf, 30
Cat videos, 200
CEMI (tsentralnyi ekonomicheskii-math-
ematicheskii institute), 12, 136–146,
173, 181, 185, 205
and EGSVTs project, 145–146
and Institute of Cybernetics, 136–137,
140, 146, 157
and OGAS, 138–139, 141–146
Central Economic-Mathematical In-
stitute (CEMI). See CEMI (tsentral-
nyi ekonomicheskii-mathematicheskii
institute)
Central Statistical Administration (CSA),
102, 150–151, 160, 162, 164–165,
187
Chebishev, P. L., 42
Chernyak, Y., 118
Chess, 175–180, 205
ChessBase, 179
Chile, 27–28, 94
China, 198
Civilian networks, 91, 94, 97
Cloud computing, 112, 160
Cold war, 2, 57
Cold war chess, 179–180
Cold war networks, 12, 90, 198–199. See
also Computer networks
Cold war rhetoric, 138
Command economy, 2, 12. See also Eco-
nomic cybernetics
accounting problems, 62–63
administrative relations, 76–77
bureaucracy, 63–64, 69–70
coordination and information prob-
lems, 61–62, 81, 151, 205
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