Chapter Ten
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become a sine qua non in the fight against terrorism. This has led to a
significant dislocation of resources from the field of capital investments to
the finance of intelligence and security activities within the fight against
terrorism. This situation further stressed the fact that the weak states are a
great danger to the security of the world. In that sense, Francis Fukuyama,
in his book State Building, wrote: “After September 11, a major issue in
global politics is not how to minimize the importance of statehood, but
how to build it. The fading of the states in individual societies and the
global community is not an introduction to a utopia but to destruction.”^12
Of course, the impact of globalization could be positive and/or
negative. External creditors and various powerful foreign factors are
putting pressure on the government to introduce political reforms as a
precondition for economic reforms, in regard to reducing corruption,
amplifying human rights, and encouraging further democratization of
institutions. Pressures from, and the support of, external factors and
international NGO’s in the civil society help to strengthen local civil
society bodies to be able to influence further democratization. It could be
observed that in those countries where pressure for internal reform is weak
and where civil society is less developed, openness to foreign countries
represents a particular threat. In a number of countries, the process of
democratization is largely determined by elections. This is because there
are a number of important preconditions for the functioning of a
democratic system: the rule of law, the respect of procedures,
redistribution of authority, freedom of association and expression, and so
on. We need to bear in mind that even when the procedure more or less
functions properly, decades of authoritarian forms of government can
leave deep scars on the public culture in terms of its sensitivity to
ideological concepts related to the many popular prejudices.
Some of the main factors that cause a sense of insecurity and increased
risk are: the lack of credibility of state institutions; the weakness of low-
quality representations of citizens in the management; the loss of
confidence in the government, in the sense that it is not able/willing to
answer questions from the public; as well as incompetence and/or
unwillingness to regulate the processes of privatization and other social
deviations. Moreover, this exposure to these negative tendencies has been
followed by stronger domestic dynamics of violence, which implies a
further redistribution of political, economic, and social relations in a
negative spiral of insecurity–the growing crisis of fear, which is no longer
limited by time or space.
(^12) Fukujama, Graÿenje države, 134; Fukuyama, State Building.