At IDS the growing neglect: Gordon Bruce, email message to the author, February
15, 2017.
“I call it Spartan creativity”: Rich Park, interview by the author, November 15,
2010.
being enmeshed in an investigation: Sonni Efron, “4 S. Korean Tycoons Get Prison
in Bribery Case,” Los Angeles Times, August 27, 1996,
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-08-27-mn-38054-story.html.
his father’s business seemed to get: “Prosecutors’ Announcement on Outcomes of
the Investigation into Roh Tae-woo’s Illicit Wealth Accumulation,”
Hankyoreh, December 6, 1995, https://newslibrary.naver.com/viewer/
index.nhn?articleId=1995120600289121001. This source is in Korean. The
author’s researcher translated the title and the quoted text into English.
“Back in the old days”: Henry Cho, interview by the author, March 25, 2016.
“From Samsung Group Chairman Lee Kun-hee”: “Result of Prosecutors’
Investigation of Roh Tae-woo’s Accumulation of Wealth by Illicit Means,”
JoongAng Ilbo, December 6, 1995. The People’s Solidarity for Participatory
Democracy, a Korean activist group, has compiled a list of presidential
bribery allegations involving Samsung: http://www.peoplepower21.org/?
module=file&act=procFileDownload&file_srl=515049&sid=78a97d8ea79ea5dc78ded9006ebf75be&module_srl=114226
This source is in Korean. The author’s researcher translated the title and the
quoted text into English.
Chairman Lee showed up: Um Ki-young, Paik Ji-yeon, “Third Trial of Roh Tae-
woo’s Corruption Case, Defendants Pledged for Favorable Handling,” MBC
News, http://imnews.imbc.com/20dbnews/history/1996/2009574_19466.html.
January 29, 1996. This source is in Korean. The author’s researcher translated
the title and the quoted text into English.
“We customarily gave such money”: Um Sang-ik, “Samsung Lee Kun-hee’s
Courtroom in 1996, Jay Y. Lee’s in 2017,” Chosun Pub, August 28, 2017,
http://pub.chosun.com/client/news/viw.asp?
cate=C03&mcate=M1003&nNewsNumb=20170825920&nidx=25921. This
source is in Korean. The author’s researcher translated the title and the quoted
text into English.
two years in prison: Efron, “4 S. Korean Tycoons Get Prison.”
“[The court] has taken into account: “Summary of Roh Tae-woo’s Slush Fund
Trial,” JoongAng Ilbo, August 27, 1996, https://news.joins.com/article/
3317418. This source is in Korean. The author’s researcher translated the title
and the quoted text into English.
“The verdicts are shocking”: Efron, “4 S. Korean Tycoons Get Prison.”
“out of consideration for”: Kim Moon-kwon, “Pardoning of Businessmen Means
Boosting Morales for Economic Revival,” Korea Economic Daily, September
30, 1997, https://www.hankyung.com/news/article/1997093001781. This