What a missed opportunity for Samsung: Six former Samsung executives and
employees, interviews by the author, January 2015–February 2017.
In February 2013, seeing little progress: Sam Byford, “Samsung Finally Folding
Bada OS into Tizen,” The Verge, February 25, 2013,
https://www.theverge.com/2013/2/25/4026848/bada-and-tizen-to-merge.
the two realized they needed: T.J. Kang, email message to the author, October 16,
2017.
hedge against Android: Hod Greeley, interview by the author, February 10, 2016.
In October 2013, Samsung put on: John Koetsier, “The Samsung Platform Emerges:
Registration Opens for Samsung’s First-Ever Developer Conference,”
VentureBeat, August 26, 2013, https://venturebeat.com/2013/08/26/the-
samsung-platform-emerges-samsung-announces-first-ever-developer-
conference/.
“We arrive the morning of”: Hod Greeley, interview by the author, February 10,
2016.
“Being in hardware...they don’t”: Ibid.
Waze CEO Noam Bardin was candid: Waze executive, email message to the author,
April 29, 2019. Hod Greeley recounted the same sequence of events in his
interview with the author on February 10, 2016.
treated the prospect of a software partnership: Hod Greeley, interview by the
author, February 10, 2016.
“It’s a new feature”: Ibid.
In 2013 Google acquired Waze: Julie Bort, “Waze Cofounder Tells Us How His
Company’s $1 Billion Sale to Google Really Went Down,” Business Insider,
August 13, 2015, https://www.businessinsider.com/how-google-bought-waze-
the-inside-story-2015-8.
“sat there and looked at the devices”: Hod Greeley, interview by the author,
February 10, 2016.
In October 2014, Facebook acquired: David Rowan, “The Inside Story of Jan Koum
and How Facebook Bought WhatsApp,” Wired UK, May 1, 2018,
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/whats-app-owner-founder-jan-koum-
facebook.
By that time, Samsung had already: Richard Trenholm, “Samsung ChatOn Will Be
Turned Off in February,” CNET, December 19, 2014, https://www.cnet.com/
news/samsung-chaton-will-be-turned-off-in-february/.
“A ten-person startup should be struggling”: Hod Greeley, interview by the author,
February 10, 2016.
Jobs was “ruthless”: Universal Music Group executive, email message to the author,
May 4, 2019. T.J. Kang confirmed being told these statements by Rob Wells
in an email message to the author on July 23, 2019.