170 J.-A. PEMBERTON
The old colonialism, easily influenced by arguments of a ‘sentimental’
character, anxious to prepare for a mass emigration of Germans to the
tropics, makes way for a new colonialism....The thesis favourable to a
substantial German ‘colonisation’ in Africa...cannot survive, according to
Professor Troll, a close examination. From the ‘racial’ and social point of
view..., it would seem desirable to avoid employing Europeans in the same
areas as natives in the tropical colonies....According to the new theses put
forward, German emigration to the colonies can be no more than the
emigration of cadres....‘The romantic stories of hunting wild animals’ do
not interest youthful members of the university milieux favourable to the
colonial idea; it is in consequence of the ‘necessity of the existence of their
country’ and in consequence of the character of the ‘industrial structure’
of Germany that they apply themselves to orienting the new colonial pol-
icy of the Third Reich....[Troll’s school has] shown...the difficulties that
attend any substantial settlement of white races in tropical areas....
Survival is only possible for...a small and exclusive native undertakings,
on the one hand, and for major capitalist concerns on the other; thus,
as it would already be difficult to find room in East Africa for ten times
more colonists than there are to-day, a fortiori the idea of mass emigra-
tion of millions of colonists must be put aside....Stress is now laid only on
Germany’s desire to produce a certain number of raw materials in areas
covered by the Reich’s monetary system....Generally speaking, the idea of
mass emigration to colonial territories now seems to have been abandoned
in Germany....Based on considerations of a racial order..., the Third Reich
does not favour a thesis which for a long time had found some ardent par-
tisans in Germany....The German studies published on this subject now
confine their observations to the advantages which a portion of the youth
of Germany—active young men eager to find employment—would derive
from colonial services. The argument for opening up emigration areas for
Germany in her former colonies, thus no longer plays more than a second-
ary rôle in the claims advanced by Germany.^290Chalmers Wright thought it significant that unlike the statements on
the subject of raw materials, the ‘profusion of polemical utterances’ to
the effect that ‘the German people are living under an intolerable burden
of numbers,’ had never been ‘developed into coherent arguments.’^291
Elaborating on this point, he observed that the ‘diffidence’ of German
(^290) Ibid., 23–4, 28, 30, 119. See also Chalmers Wright, Population and Peace, 56–7.
(^291) Chalmers Wright, Population and Peace, 48. See also Maroger, La question des mat-
ières premières et les revendications coloniales, 24.