1 PEACEFUL CHANGE OR WAR? 63of National Policy was little different from that of the Shotwell and
Chamberlain draft.^195
It was doubtless with Shotwell’s close association with the IPR in
mind that Bonnet told Shotwell in February 1932, that he hoped to see
the Comité d’études des problèmes du Pacifique ‘take a very active share
in the work of the Honolulu Institute’.^196 Indeed, the Comité d’études
would be represented at the IPR’s next biennial conference when it
met in Banff in 1933, a conference which Shotwell would also attend.
According to the preface to the conference’s proceedings, although ‘a
French National Council of the Institute... [was]...still in the process of
formation’ at the time, the representatives of the Comité d’études were
‘recognized as members in full standing.’^197
One of these representatives was Roger Lévy, secretary general of
the Comité d’études and editor of the Pacific section of the Parisian
publication L’Europe Nouvelle, a weekly review of French and interna-
tional politics founded in 1918 by Louise Weiss which promoted the
cause of international rapprochement under the aegis of the LON. The
other French participant at Banff was Étienne Dennery. A geographer,
Dennery was the author of Foules d’Asie. Surpopulation japonaise, expan-
sion chinoise, émigration indienne (1930) which was published in English
under the heading of Asia’s Teeming Millions: And Its Problem for the
West (1931) and which was based on demographic research Dennery
had conducted in China, Japan and India. Dennery had been among
the expert advisors, a number of whom had IPR connections, to the
League of Nations’ Commission Enquiry (the Lytton Commission) to
the Far East in 1932 which had been established in order to determine
the causes of the invasion of Manchuria by Japanese forces following
the so-called Mukden Incident of September 18, 1931. However, in the
list of members and observers appearing in the proceedings of the Banff
(^195) ‘Section 27: Draft Treaty of Permanent Peace Between the United States of America
and....,’ in Condliffe, ed., Problems of the Pacific: Proceedings of the Second Conference,
503–12, and ‘Appendix 4: Minutes of Meetings of the Pacific Council, Institute of Pacific
Relations,’ in Condliffe, ed., Problems of the Pacific, 1929, 646.
(^196) Bonnet to Shotwell, 3 February 1932, AG 1-IICI-K-I-1.d, UA.
(^197) Lasker and Holland, Problems of the Pacific, 1933, x, and ‘Appendix 1: List of
Conference Members, Observers, Staff, and Committees,’ ibid., 454, 457.