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With refinements of the laws and widening of protections, property
owners, landlords, bankers and sales people have become far more subtle
in the techniques used to screen out renters or buyers whom they consider
undesirable. The National Fair Housing Alliance pursues unethical real
estate companies and rental agents because residential segregation “results
in disparities in access to quality education, employment, home-ownership
and wealth accumulation for communities of color” (National Fair
Housing Alliance 2009).
One of the more insidious ways that owners and managers screen out
applicants or buyers who are unwelcome is to do so over the phone, on the
basis of accent (Figure 17.1).