342 NotesforChapterOne3 I. Wilkins,TheHistoryofForeignInvestment,p.579.
32.Ibid.,p.566.
33·Ibid.,p. 56 7.
34·Ibid.,p. 569
35.Chernow,TheHouseofMorgan,p.76.
36.FinancingAnglo-AmericanTrade,p.146.
37.Chernow,TheHouseofMorgan,p.6.
38.SeeL.M.Sears,jeffersonandtheEmbargo(Durham,N.C.:I927);seealsoBailey,
DiplomaticHistory,pp.I25-29.
39.Fora grearmanycirationsofpublicopiniononwarscaresandvariousterritorial
conflictswithGreatBritain,seeindexentryinBailey,DiplomaticHistory,under"Public
Opinion."Hecitesnewspapereditorialsonalmosteverymajorissue.
40.CitedinRobertS.BrowningIII,TwoIfBySea:TheDevelopmentofAmerican
CoastalDefensePolicy(Westpoint,Conn.:GreenwoodPress,I983),p.148.
4I.UlyssesS.Grant,PersonalMemoirsofU.S.Grant(NewYork:LibraryofAmerica,
I990),p. 776.
42.Browning,TwoIfBySea,p.I68.
43.SeeBailey,DiplomaticHistory,pp.242-43.
44·Ibid.,p.385;seealsopp.327-30(OntheTrentAffair),pp.342-45(onCon-
federateraidersandwarships);and pp.376-78.
45·Grant,PersonalMemoirs,p. 77 4·
46.HouseCommitteeonInternationalRelations[nowForeignAffairs},Subcom-
mitteeonInternationalSecurityandScientificAffairs,BackgroundInformationontheUse
ofu.s.ArmedForcesinForeignCountries, 1975 Revision.CommitteePrint,94thCongress,
1stsession,I995,preparedbytheForeignAffairsDivision,CongressionalResearchSer-
vice,LibraryofCongress,p.84.
47.Capt.HarryAllansonEllsworth,USMC,OneHundredEightyLandingsofUnited
StatesMarines,I800-I934(Washington,D.C.:HistoryandMuseumsDivisionHead-
quarters,U.S.MarineCorps,I974).
48.Grant,PersonalMemoirs,pp.773-80.
49.ForfirstU.S.relationswithChina(I844)andJapan(I854),seeArthurPower
Dudden,TheAmericanPacificFromtheOldChinaTradetothePresent(NewYork:Oxford
UniversityPress,I992),pp.7,I9.
50.ForalltheseincidentsseeEllenC.Collier,"InstancesofUseofUnitedStates
ForcesAbroad, 1798-I993"(Washington,D.C.: Congressional Research Service,
LibraryofCongress,I993),andEllsworth,OneHundredEightyLandings.
51.Bailey,DiplomaticHistory,pp.422-28.
52.Froma lettertoJohnBlairwritteninParisonAugustI3,1787,inJulianP.
Boyd,ed.,ThePapersofThomasjefferson,vol.I2(Princeton,N.].:PrincetonUniversity
Press,I955),p.28.
53.DonE.Fehrenbacher,ed.,AbrahamLincoln:SpeechesandWritings1859-1865
(NewYork:LibraryofAmerica,I989),"ReplytoChicagoEmancipationMemorial,
Washington,D.C.,SeptemberI3,I862,"p.364.
54.RichardHofstadterandBeatriceK.Hofstadter,eds.,GreatIssuesinAmerican
History,2nded.,vol.3,FromReconstructiontothePresentDay,1864-1981(NewYork:
VintageBooks,I982),p.I65.