TheUnfreeinMuslimWarfare,2-205/624-820 129
after,the
Umayyadgovernor
ofKhurasansenthis
bodyguard
(.haras,shur.ta)
and
ghulzms
intotheBattleofKharistn.
14
UmayyadDecline,
119-32/737-50
ExtensivewarfarebetweenMuslimsand
virtually
none
against
non-Muslimsmarkedthefinal
years
oftheArabian
period.
With
Rebels.
During
these
years
theunfree
foughtsignificantly
lesswithrebelsthan
they
did withthe
Umayyads.
Inabout120/
738 a manumitted
ghulm
ofthe
Khriji
leaderSiwrb. al-
Ashearbecamealeaderof
Khrijitroops
inhisown
right.
TM
When
Zayd
b.cAli’srebellion
collapsed
in
122/740,
a
ghul{zm
was
oneofthelasttwosoldiersto
persevere
withhiminbattle.
42
The
very
last
years
of
Umayyad
rulesawa
flurry
ofrebelac-
tivities.
4
A mawlaled the riff-raff
(ghawgh’)
onbehalfof
CAbdallhb.
Muewiya
in
127/745.t4
When
Sulaymn
b.Hishftm,
thesonof
CaliphHishm,joinedthe
Khriji
rebels,hismawla
Badradh-Dhakwni,a
distinguishedmilitary
leaderand
proba-
blefounderofthe
Dhakwniya corps
ofmawlas,
a4
changed
sideswithhim
along
with3,000ahl
al-bayt(retainers)
andmaw-
las?
46
Badradh-Dhakwniledhisownandother
Khrijitroops
in128/7467
7
A1-Kirmni,oneofseveraldissidentleadersin
Khurasanatthetimeofthefirst
stirrings
oftheAbbasidsthere,
had
the support of two mawla leaders
commanding
2,000
and5,000 soldiers,
respectively,
in 129/747.148
Finally,
asthe
Umayyad regime collapsed,
Marwn b.
Muh.
ammad fled to
Egypt,
wherehefaceda
corps
ofmawlasled
by
amawla,and
beatthem?
49
140.T,2:1609.
141.UH,3:108.
142.T,2:1709.
143.TheAbbasidswillbetreatedinthenextsection.
144.T,2:1883.
145.
Dhakwaniyacorps:
T,2:1892,1939.Wellhausen,
p.
372,thinksthisunit
wasnamedafterMuslimb.Dhakwn
(on
whom,seebelow,n.
154).
146.T,2:1913,1941.
147.T,2:1939.
148.Khalifa,p.588.
149.
al-Kindi,p.
96.