Slave Soldiers and Islam_ The Genesis of a Military System - Daniel Pipes

How

MilitarySlavery

FirstOccurred

Ajam

Berber 7

Black 34

Daylami

2

Egyptian

Greek(Rfirni) 5

Jew

1

Khazar

Khurasani 1

Nabatean

Persian 8

Slav

(Saqlabi)

4

Turk 28

Yemeni 2

183

Total 96

These
figures

are

admittedly

small,but

they

doconfirmaclear

preference

for

soldiers

from

marginalareas,

especially

Blacks

andTurks
(whotogetherconstitutednearlytwo-thirdsofthe

entire
sample,

62 outof96),butalsoBerbersandSlavs.Free

non-Arabiansoldiers
fighting

for theMuslims

similarly

came

predominantly

from

marginal

areas.

Daylami:

UG,2:230;AA,5:340.

Egyptian:al-Kindi,p.87.

Greek:KM,

p.

255;T,2:530;FB,

pp.

160-61(onthis,see

p.

189);FM,

p.

207;BaFami,4:516.

Jew:

IbnKhallikhn,5:189.

Khazar:T,3:1383.

Khurasani:T,3:75.

Nabatean:

.Ha)TSn

an-Naba.ti

(on

him,seenn. 122 and 123 to

chap.4).

Persian: T, 1:1780; IS, 7:1.160;AA, 11:105; UG, 2:245-47,275, 330,

3:310-11,5:282.

Slav:T,2:1910,3:874;BaFami,4:516;clqd,4:127.Ontheclqdreference,see

T.Lewicki,"Un

Temoignage

arabeinconnusurlesSlaves--del’an720,"

Folia

Or/ental/a 4

(1962):319-31.

Turk:T,2:268,698,1719,1805,3:562,775,799,891,1076,1194,1215-16,

1237,1250,1267,1289;Denys,4:72;

Abfi’l-Faraj,Maqttilat.-Tlibifin,p.

451;

Jah,p.

151;Khalifa,p.701;clqd,2:203;ai-J.hig,Man?tqib,p.37;al-Kindi,pp.

188-89,192;BaFami,4:209;andthemainmilitaryleadersunder

al-MuCta.im

(Ashnts,

fftkh,

Bughtal-Kabir),

discussedin

chapter

5.Formoreinformation

onthis

topic,

see

my

"Turksin

Early

MuslimService."

Yemeni:UG,1:132,4:424.