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NOTES 253
- Peter Simkins,Kitchener’s Army: The Raising of the New Armies, 1914–16 (Manchester:
Manchester University Press, 1988), 31–9. - Ibid., 168–9; Bernard Waites,A Class Society at War: England, 1914–1918(Leamington Spa:
Berg, 1987), 188. - Grace Morris Craig,But this is Our War(Toronto:University of Toronto Press, 1981), 29.
- Denis Winter,Death’s Men: Soldiers of the Great War(London: Penguin Books, 1978), 27–9.
- John Gooch, ‘Armed Services,’ in Stephen Constantine, Maurice W. Kirby, and Mary B.
Rose, eds,The First World War in British History. (London: Edward Arnold, 1995), 188. - Peter Parker,The Old Lie: The Great War and the Public School Ethos(London: Constable, 1987),
50–3, 126–9. - Bernard Waites,A Class Society at War: England, 1914–1918(Leamington Spa: Berg, 1987),
184–7. - J. A. Morgan, ‘ “The Grit of Our Forefathers:” Invented Traditions, Propaganda and
Imperialism,’ in John M. Mackenzie, ed.,Imperialism and Popular Culture(Manchester:
Manchester University Press, 1986), 127; see also Reader,At Duty’s Call, 77–8. - Simkins,Kitchener’s Army, 56.
- David Mitchell,Monstrous Regiment: The Story of the Women of the First World War(New York:
Macmillan, 1965), 39–40; See also Reader,At Duty’s Call, 119–20. - Sidney Rogerson,Twelve Days(London: Arthur Baker, 1933), 40.
- For the difficulties and delays in providing training facilities and equipment, see Peter
Simkins’s chapters on Training Camps and Billets, Uniforms and Equipment, and Arms
and Ammunition inKitchener’s Army. See also Brown,Book of the Western Front, 115. - Philpott,Anglo-French Relations and Strategy, 77, 83–5.
- Douglas Haig,The Private Papers of Douglas Haig(London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1952),
116, 121. In his initial orders to Haig upon assuming command of the BEF Kitchener
cautioned him that ‘in minor operations you should be careful that your subordin-
ates understand that risk of serious losses should only be taken where such risk is
authoritatively considered to be commensurate with the objective in view.’ - Prior and Wilson,Command on the Western Front, 155–6.
- Wilson,Myriad Faces of War, 316.
- Jonathan Bailey, ‘British Artillery in the Great War,’ in Paddy Griffith, ed.,Fighting Methods
in the Great War(London: Frank Cass, 1996), 31–2. - Peter Liddle,The 1916 Battle of the Somme(London: Leo Cooper, 1992), 23.
- John Laffin,On the Western Front: Soldiers’ Stories from France and Flanders, 1914–1918(Gloucester:
A. Sutton, 1985), 67. - Tim Travers,The Killing Ground: The British Army, the Western Front and the Emergence of Modern Warfare,
1900–1918(London: Allen & Unwin, 1987), 136–41. GHQ was so convinced of the efficacy
of the guns that first-hand intelligence that the wire was uncut and the observers were
taking small-arms fire in the forward trenches was either discounted or outright ignored. - Burg and Purcell,Almanac of World War I, 127–8.
- John Laffin,British Butchers and Bunglers of World War One(London: Alan Sutton, 1988), 21.
- Michael Carver, Field Marshal Lord,The Seven Ages of the British Army(New York: Beaufort
Books, 1984), 173, reported a total of 50,380 casualties for Loos. - Prior and Wilson,Command on the Western Front, 155–7.
- Laffin, Soldiers’ Stories, 75–6; Wilson,Myriad Faces of War, 318.
- Sanger,Letters From Two World Wars, 23. Letter from Harold Macmillan to his mother, 13
May 1916.