leaf humus, 36
leafminer, 66, 69
leaf spots, 66
leaves, fallen, 132, 390, 391
leaves, removing. See
deadleafing
Leguminosae, 173, 265, 330
Lenten rose, 236
leopard’s bane, 203
lesser calamint, 190
leucanthemum /
Leucanthemum, 350, 384
Leucanthemum maximum, 118
Leucanthemum ×superbum,
257 , 346, 348, 351, 356,
358, 359, 367, 369, 372,
373, 374, 376
‘Alaska’, 76
‘Banana Cream’, 257
basic structure of, 96
‘Becky’, 257
‘Crazy Daisy’, 257
deadheads, 104
dividing, 81
pinching, 123
‘Snowcap’, 257
‘T. E. Killen’, 257
‘Woops-a-Daisy’, 257
Liatris, 347, 350, 364, 373,
37 4, 376
Liatris punctata, 258, 344, 355
Liatris pycnostachya, 345
Liatris spicata, 27, 258 , 345,
351, 353, 356
‘Kobold’, 258
light conditions, 17–18
Ligularia dentata, 259 , 343,
34 7, 354, 357, 359, 364,
37 0, 371, 376, 377
‘Britt Marie Crawford’, 259
ligularia / Ligularia, 52, 68,
259
Ligularia stenocephala ‘The
Rocket’, 259
lilac, 116
Liliaceae, 334
lilies, 72
Lilium lancifolium, 350
Lilium spp., 72
Lilium ‘Stargazer’, 27
lily leaf beetles, 72
lily-of-the-valley, 72
Limonium platyphyllum, 260 ,
344, 347, 354, 356, 360,
363, 370, 371, 373, 374
Linaceae, 261
Linaria, 251, 350
Linaria purpurea, 261 , 344,
348, 351, 356, 359, 361,
362, 367, 369, 373, 374,
376
‘Canon Went’, 261
Linum lewisii, 262
linum / Linum, 104, 344, 348,
361, 362, 367, 373, 374,
376
Linum narbonense, 262
Linum perenne, 262 , 350, 363,
368
Liriope spicata, 134, 263 , 344,
34 7, 357, 360, 364, 373,
374
lists by maintenance needs
about, 23, 96–97, 133, 341
autumn maintenance, 377
claybusters, 345
cutting back after
flowering for aesthetics,
366–367
cutting back for height
control, 368
cutting back for space
control, 365
deadheading before seeds
mature if seeding is not
desired, 361–362
deadheading not
required, 363–364
deadheading to a lateral
flower, bud, or leaf,
359–360
deadheading to a lateral
leaf, bud, or flower, then
cutting back to basal
foliage, 367
deadheading to improve
overall appearance, 358
deadheading to prolong
bloom or for rebloom,
356
deadheading to the
ground or to basal
foliage, 360
deadheading with no
rebloom, 357
deadleafing, 371
deer-resistant perennials,
350–351
division every 1-3 years,
352
division every 4-5 years,
353
division every 6-10 years,
354
division every 10 years or
more, 355higher-maintenance
perennials, 346
lower-maintenance
perennials, 347
perennials that will
not flower if their
terminal flower buds are
removed, 369
perennials tolerant of dry
soil once established,
344
perennials tolerant of wet
soil, 343
perennials with attractive
seedheads, 362
perennials with
seedheads that attract
song birds, 364
perennials with self-
cleaning flowers, 363
pinching, 369–370
pruning for pest and/or
disease control, 349
pruning normally not
needed, 372–373
short-lived perennials, 348
spring maintenance,
373–375
staking, 351
summer maintenance,
375–376
Lobelia cardinalis, 264 , 343,
348, 368, 369, 373, 37 6
‘Black Truffle’, 264
‘Golden Torch’, 264
‘Queen Victoria’, 264
lobelia / Lobelia, 118, 126, 374
Lobelia siphilitica, 118, 264
Lobelia ×speciosa, 264
‘Compliment Deep Red’,
264
‘Dark Crusader’, 264
‘Fan Blue’, 264
‘Fan Burgundy’, 264
‘Fan Salmon’, 264
‘Fan Scarlet’, 264
‘Monet Moment’, 264
Loganiaceae, 318
London pride, 308
long-lived perennials, 25
longspur barrenwort, 206
loosestrife, 266, 267, 269
love-in-a-mist, 100
lower-maintenance
perennials, 24, 347
‘Lucifer’ crocosmia, 79, 195
lungworts, 298, 299
lupine, 265
Lupinus, 350