Science - USA (2019-02-15)

SCIENCE sciencemag.org 15 FEBRUARY 2019 • VOL 363 ISSUE 6428 673

CREDITS: (PHOTO) ANADOLU AGENCY/CONTRIBUTOR/GETTY IMAGES; (GRAPHIC) J. BRAINARD/

SCIENCE

; (DATA) L. WU

ET AL

., N AT U R E

, 10.1038/S41586-019-0941-9 (2019)
work as developmental if it was cited
along with previous, similar research, and
disruptive if it wasn’t. Among highly cited
research papers, those with one or two
authors are three times more likely to be
highly disruptive than papers with eight
or more. The trend of greater disruption
with smaller team size persists across time,
journals, and most disciplines. Even so,
large teams were more likely than small

ones to publish highly cited papers. Both

kinds of teams are important to science

and innovation, the authors conclude.

Men detail abuse by researcher

MISCONDUCT | Allegations of sexual

abuse by a former university professor

who studied growth problems in children

were detailed last week after BuzzFeed

News published graphic interviews with

five male victims. It also reported that

the journal Radiology removed from

its website a 1965 article by the researcher,

which contained photographs of naked

boys. The alleged abuse involved Reginald

Archibald, an endocrinologist at Rockefeller

University in New York City from 1948 to

1982 who died in 2007. In October 2018,

Rockefeller said Archibald had “engaged

in certain inappropriate conduct during

patient examinations” and that the uni-

versity and its hospital “deeply regret”

any “pain and suffering” to former

patients. Although the statute of limita-

tions for civil suits in New York in such

cases has passed, Governor Andrew

Cuomo said he will sign a bill passed by

the legislature last month that would

make an exception for child victims.

At least 150 people are considering such

lawsuits, BuzzFeed reported.

Chinese transplants questioned

BIOETHICS | More than 440 research

articles that used outcomes from at least

85,000 organ transplant operations in

China should be retracted because the

organs may have been harvested from

executed prisoners, the authors of a new

study say. International ethics stan-

dards ban publication of research that

studied samples from executed prison-

ers. To check compliance, a group led by

Wendy Rogers, an ethicist at Macquarie

University in Sydney, Australia, exam-

ined peer-reviewed papers involving

transplants done before January 2015,

when Chinese authorities banned the

use of organs from prisoners without

consent. The analysis, appearing online

in BMJ Open on 5 February, reports

that 99% of the studies failed to specify

whether the people from whom the

organs were taken had given consent

and 92% failed to state whether they

came from executed prisoners.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Te a m s i z e

20

40

60

80

100

Measure of disruptiveness

Physical sciences Medicine

Environmental and earth sciences Chemistry

Social sciences

Computer and information technology

Small teams shake it up

Articles were measured as “disruptive” based on

patterns of citations to them.

TURKEY PLUNGES INTO ANTARCTIC WATERS

S ̧ahika Ercümen, a record-setting free-diver—she

uses no air tanks—heads for the surface on

4 February, off Antarctica’s South Shetland

Islands. Part of a research team from Turkey that

journeyed to Antarctica to carry out 30 days of

studies, she expects to observe whales and seals

on her dives. Turkey holds an observer status

under the Antarctic Treaty, which reserves the

continent for research and other peaceful uses.

Published by AAAS

on February 14, 2019^

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