Anello Oliva’s work. His text was not published until 1895, by which time all
but the first of the four books were lost.
Anello Oliva’s name is also implicated in the complicated history of a set of
documents, often referred to colloquially as “the Naples documents,” which
are said to contain certain texts written by Anello Oliva himself. One of these,
which supposedly dates to 1637, pertains to the life of Blas Valera, and claims
that Valera had been persecuted by the Jesuit hierarchy and that he recorded
history using the knotted-cord quipus. A document by Anello Oliva dated
1638 makes even more extraordinary allegations about Valera, saying that the
mestizo chronicler had not died, as claimed, in the English sacking of the
Spanish port of Cádiz, but that he had survived, surreptitiously returned to
Peru, and there wrote the work, Nueva corónica y buen gobierno, which most
scholars believe was written and illustrated by Felipe Guaman Poma de
Ayala. Controversy continues today over the legitimacy of the Naples
documents, with some scholars insisting on their veracity and others claiming
that they are fraudulent—perhaps even modern fakes.Further Reading
Anello Oliva, Giovanni. Historia del reino y provincias del Perú y vidas de los varones insignes de la
Compañía de Jesús. Edition, prologue, and notes by Carlos M. Gálvez Peña. Colección Clásicos
Peruanos. Lima: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Fondo Editorial, 1998.
Hyland, Sabine. The Jesuit and the Incas: The Extraordinary Life of Padre Blas Valera, S.J. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press, 2004.
———. “Anello Oliva, Giovanni (1574–1642).” In Guide to Documentary Sources for Andean Studies,
1530–1900, edited by Joanne Pillsbury, vol. 2, 34–36. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008.
■GARY URTONANIMALS, DOMESTICATED
The Incas were familiar with all the native South American animal domesticates:
Muscovy duck, guinea pig, llama, and alpaca, as well as the introduced
domesticated dog.
The Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a large duck commonly found
throughout the neotropics, where it is often referred to as pato casero (house
duck), pato criollo (native duck), or pato real (royal duck). Little is known of its
early domestication, although wild flocks range throughout wetlands and crop
fields from coastal Mexico to the Gran Chaco of Argentina. The bones of the
Muscovy duck are occasionally identified in archaeological sites. It was also