homework encyclopedia

m

m

m

c

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Equator

Tropic of

Capricorn

L

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a

no

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Gr

an

P

a

t

a

g

o

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Cape Horn

Tierra

del Fuego

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la

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Pa

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a

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A n d e s A

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Amaz

Basi

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BOGOTÁ

CARACAS

SANTIAGO

LA PAZ

LIMA

QUITO

SUCRE

Cali

Valparaíso

Antofagasta

Cochabamba

Santa

Cruz

Cusco

Callao

Piura

Guayaquil

Iquitos

Medellín

Barranquilla

Maracaibo

Ciudad

Guayana

Rio Branco

Porto Velho

Arequipa

Cartagena

Bucaramanga

Cúcuta

Trujillo

San Salvador

de Jujuy

San Juan

Mendoza

Córdoba

Bahía

Blanca

Concepción

Coquimbo

La Serena

Iquique

Arica

Tacna

Cumaná

Valencia

Barquisimeto

Punta Arenas

Santiago

del Estero

Puerto Montt

Chiclayo

Esmeraldas

A

R

G

E

N

T

I

N

A

ECUADOR

COLOMBIA

VENEZUELA

BOLIVIA

B

P

E

R

U

C

H

I

L

E

Lake

Titicaca

P

A

C

I

F

I

C

O

C

E

A

N

Gulf of

San Jorge

Bahía

Grande

Strait of

Magellan

Gulf of

Guayaquil

Chimborazo

6,310 m

(20,702 ft)

Nevado

Huascaran

6,768 m

(22,204 ft)

Cerro Aconcagua

6,959 m (22,831 ft)

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au

ca^

M

ag

da

le

na

Orinoco

(^) M
arañón^
U
ca
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Rio Negro
Japura
B
en
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Amazon
(^) Colo
rado
(^)
Río
Neg
ro
u
ru
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Angel
Falls
Ju
ru
á
P
Galápagos
Islands
(Ecuador)
Pu
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ayo
232 People and Places
The triangular-shaped continent of South America
stretches from north of the Equator almost down
to the Antarctic Circle. It contains three very
different landscapes. In the
west, the Andes tower up 6,959 m
(22,833 ft) in height, forming a backbone
down the entire length of the
continent along the Pacific Ocean coast. Dense
rainforests in the humid Amazon valley and
along the Caribbean coast cover much of the
north and northeast. In the south, windswept
grasslands and dry pampas roll down to the
cold, rocky point of the continent at Cape Horn.
1 SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL
One of the biggest cities in the world and also one of the
fastest growing, greater São Paulo has a population of
around 20 million people. Because much of the interior
of South America is uninhabitable, all its biggest cities
are on the coast. Many people move to these cities in
search of work and a better standard of living.
PERUVIAN TEXTILES 3
The hand-woven, brightly coloured woollen
textiles worn by these Peruvian women are
based on traditional Indian designs that
have been handed down through
the generations.
1 THE ANDES
The world’s longest mountain chain, the Andes,
runs 7,250 km (4,505 miles) down the western edge
of South America. Its steep slopes are terraced to
grow barley, potatoes, and wheat on its colder, upper
slopes, and coffee, tobacco, and corn on the warmer, lower slopes.

South America

4 ATACAMA DESERT

The Atacama Desert in

northern Chile is the driest

place on Earth – in places it has

not rained at all for a century.

When rain does fall, devastating

flash floods are often the result.

There are huge deposits of

copper under its sun-baked

rocks and shifting sands.