them,   and looked  at  him with    mild    curiosity.  But,    after   standing    before  them    for
a   few moments,    he  suddenly    withdrew,   as  had been    arranged    by  the instructor.
The class   were    then    asked   to  write   such    a   description of  the stranger    as  would
enable  a   person  who had never   seen    him to  identify    him.    But so  poor    had been
the observation of  the class   that    they    ascribed    to  him clothes of  four    different
colors, eyes    and hair    each    of  three   different   colors, a   tie of  many    different   hues,
height  ranging from    five    feet    and four    inches  to  over    six feet,   age from    twenty-
eight   to  forty-five  years,  and many    other   details as  wide    of  the mark.   Nor is  it
probable     that    this    particular  class   was     below   the     average     in  the     power   of
perception.
School   Training    in  Perception.—The     school  can     do  much    in  training    the
perception. But to  accomplish  this,   the child   must    constantly  be  brought into
immediate   contact with    the physical    world   about   him and taught  to  observe.
Books   must    not be  substituted for things. Definitions must    not take    the place   of
experiment  or  discovery.  Geography   and nature  study   should  be  taught  largely
out of  doors,  and the lessons assigned    should  take    the child   into    the open    for
observation and investigation.  All things  that    live    and grow,   the sky and clouds,
the sunset  colors, the brown   of  upturned    soil,   the smell   of  the clover  field,  or  the
new mown    hay,    the sounds  of  a   summer  night,  the distinguishing  marks   by
which   to  identify    each    family  of  common  birds   or  breed   of  cattle—these    and a
thousand    other   things  that    appeal  to  us  from    the simplest    environment afford  a
rich    opportunity for training    the perception. And he  who has learned to  observe,
and who is  alert   to  the appeal  of  nature, has no  small   part    of  his education
already assured.
6. PROBLEMS IN OBSERVATION AND INTROSPECTION
- Test    your    power   of  observation by  walking rapidly past    a   well-filled store
 window and then seeing how many of the objects you can name.
- Suppose a   tailor, a   bootblack,  a   physician,  and a   detective   are standing    on  the
 street corner as you pass by. What will each one be most likely to observe about
 you? Why?
- Observe carefully   green   trees   at  a   distance    of  a   few rods;   a   quarter of  a   mile;   a
 mile; several miles. Describe differences (1) in color, (2) in brightness, or light,
 and (3) in detail.
- How many common birds can you identify? How many kinds of trees? Of
