28
Vide    pp. 353–355,    infra.  ↑
29
Of  the Pahang  customs Mr. Clifford    writes:—
“Umat   rushes  off to  the most    famous  midwife in  the place,  and presents    her with    a   little  brass
dish    filled  with    smooth  green   sîrih   leaves, and sixpence    of  our money   (25 cents)  in  copper, for
such    is  the retaining   fee prescribed  by  Malay   custom. The recipient   of  these   treasures   is
thereafter  held    bound   to  attend  the patient whenever    she may be  called  upon    to  do  so, and
when    the confinement is  over    she can claim   other   moneys  in  payment of  her services.   These
latter  fees    are not ruinously   high,   according   to  our standard,   two dollars being   charged for
attending   a   woman   in  her first   confinement,    a   dollar  or  a   dollar  and a   half    on  the next    occasion,
and twenty-five,    or  at  the most    fifty   cents   being   deemed  sufficient  for each    subsequent
event.”—Clifford,   Studies in  Brown   Hum.,   pp. 47, 48. ↑
30
To  each    corner  of  this    hearth  is  fastened    a   bunch   of  lemon-grass leaves, each    of  which   is
separately  charmed by  ejecting    betel-leaf  upon    it  (di-sĕmbor);    at  the same    time    a   pillow  is
prepared    for it  by  the insertion   of  a   needle  at  each    end.    The fire    (api    saleian)    is  always  lighted
by  the Bidan,  and must    never   be  allowed to  go  out for the whole   of  the 44  days.   To  light   it  the
Bidan   should  take    a   brand   from    the house-fire  (api    dapor), and when    it  is  once    properly
kindled,    nothing must    be  cooked  at  it, or  the child   will    suffer. Moreover,   whenever    during  this
same    period  there   happens to  be  a   hen sitting on  its eggs    in  the house,  the blades  of  weapons,
such    as  daggers (k’risses)  and spears, must    not be  reset   in  their   handles (mĕmbalau)  either  over
the hearth-fire or  the fire    of  the saleian.    ↑
31
J.  D.  Vaughan in  vol.    xi. of  J.I.A.
Cp. the following passage:—
“Later, comes   a   day when    Sĕlĕma  nearly  loses   her life    by  reason  of  the barbarities which
Malay   science considers   necessary   if  a   woman   is  to  win through her confinement without
mishap.”—Clifford,  Stud.   in  Br. Hum.,   p.  51. ↑
32
The following   methods are resorted    to  for the curing  of  faintness:  (a) the patient is  made    to
smell   (di-isapkan),   first   with    one and then    with    the other   nostril,    the bottom  of  the copper  (or
brass)  receptacle  (pĕkaporan) in  which   the lime,   which   is  one of  the invariable  concomitants    of
the betel-chewing   apparatus,  is  kept;   (b) the “rattan”    (rotan  sĕga)   “cure,” which   is  said    to
consist in  charring    the end of  a   piece   of  rattan  (rotan  sĕga),  taking  the burnt   end in  the mouth,