1.4 CHAPTER 1. SKILLS FOR SCIENCE
The following image shows the correct setup for heating liquids on a Bunsen burner:
When reading any instrument (such as a measuring cylinder, a pipette, etc.) always make
sure that the instrument is level and that your eye is at the level of the top of the liquid.
General safety rules ESAS
The following are some of the general guidelines and rules that you should always observe
when working in a laboratory.
1. You are responsible for your own safety as well as the safety of others in the labora-
tory.
2. Do not eat or drink in the laboratory. Do not use laboratory glassware to eat or drink
from.
3. Always behave responsibly in the laboratory. Do not run around or play practical
jokes.
4. In case of accidents or chemical spills call your teacher at once.
5. Always check with your teacher how to dispose of waste. Chemicals should not be
disposed of down the sink.
6. Only perform the experiments that your teacher instructs you to. Never mix chemi-
cals for fun.
7. Never perform experiments alone.
8. Always check the safety data of any chemicals you are going to use.
9. Follow the given instructions exactly. Do not mix up steps or try things in a different
order.
10. Be alert and careful when handling chemicals, hot glassware, etc.
11. Ensure all Bunsen burners are turned off at the end of the practical and all chemical
containers are sealed.
12. Never add water to acid. Always add the acid to water.
13. Never heat thick glassware as it will break. (i.e. do not heat measuring cylinders).
14. When you are smelling chemicals, place the container on a laboratory bench and20