Cracking the SAT Physics Subject Test
THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM In previous chapters, we have seen that if we oscillate one end of a long rope, we generate a wave ...
Through a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves travel at a fixed speed c = 3.00 × 10^8 m/s regardless of their frequency. Electroma ...
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Not the Speed of Fright Relax! You don’t need to memorize these wavelengths; they’ll be provided for you on test day. You do, ho ...
How would you classify electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength of 1 cm? Here’s How to Crack It According to the electr ...
THE DOPPLER EFFECT FOR LIGHT Light, or electromagnetic waves, also experience the Doppler effect. As with sound, motion toward c ...
INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION As we learned in the preceding chapter, waves experience interference when they meet, and whether t ...
When a wave encounters a slit with a width that’s comparable with its wavelength, the wave will fan out after it passes through. ...
The screen shows the results of this interference: There will be bright bands (fringes) centered at those points at which the wa ...
where y measures the vertical displacement along the screen from the center of the screen (y = 0, the point directly across from ...
The value of y 1 is ...
Since ym = mλL/d, a decrease in d would cause an increase in ym. In other words, the fringes would become larger and the interf ...
REFLECTION AND REFRACTION Imagine a beam of light directed toward a smooth transparent surface. When it hits this surface, some ...
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The angle that the incident beam makes with the normal is called the angle of incidence, or θ 1. The angle that the reflected be ...
For example, since the speed of light in water is v = 2.25 × 10^8 m/s, the index of refraction of water is Notice that n has no ...
which is about 19°. Notice that θ 2 < θ 1 , as we would expect, since the refracting medium (glass) has a greater index than ...
index values are tabulated using yellow light of wavelength 589 nm (frequency 5.1 × 10^14 Hz). Although the variation in the val ...
at a slightly different angle, so the light disperses into its component colors. Total Internal Reflection When a beam of light ...
2) θ 1 > θc, where θc = sin−1 (n 2 /n 1 ) Keep Your Instances and Incidences Straight Think of n 1 or θ 1 as the incidence ra ...
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