Everything Science Grade 12

1.7 CHAPTER 1. ORGANICMOLECULES

C

H Cl

Cl Cl

CHCl 3

Figure 1.12: Trichloromethane

H C

H

C

H

Cl Cl

H H C

H

C

H

Cl + HCl

Figure 1.13: An elimination reaction

3. Oxidation reactions
   When alkanes are burntin air, they react with the oxygen in air and heat is pro-
   duced. This is called an oxidation or combustion reaction. Carbon dioxide and
   water are given off as products. Heat is also released during the reaction. The
   burning of alkanes provides most of the energythat is used by man.

e.g. CH 4 + 2O 2 → CO 2 + 2H 2 O + heat

Exercise 1 - 4

1. Give the IUPAC name for each of the following alkanes:

(a) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3

(b)

C

H

H

H C C C

C

H

H H

H

H

H

H

H

H

(c) CH 3 CH 3