A1- 4
functionality power is also different [29]. When Ethernet switches are
connected properly to the network, they receive their first information from
the user’s computer and then try to study the media access control address
of the computer system [29]. The Ethernet switch saves or records the
number of MAC address in its memory, after that it try to locate another
device on the network instead of the first computer device with the help of
packet information [29]. The device that receives the packets after sending
it from the Ethernet switch builds a connection with the switch and the
Ethernet switch reads its MAC address and records it like the first one. And
with the help of such storage of the Ethernet switch it plays a real important
role for the Ethernet users [30]. So it is a small summary on the working of
the Ethernet switches of how they govern and perform their duties in
Ethernet technology. In order to be considered an Ethernet network, the
switches must carry either 10/100 Megabits per second (Mbit/s) or
10/100/1000 Mbit/s ports. Ethernet switches are also available in larger
sizes, up to 10 Gigabites per second (Gbit/s) ports. While switches must be
able to meet the basic standard, they can have multiple ports operating at
different speeds [ 33 ].A 1 .3.3 Redundancy in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid STP
(RSTP)
The IEEE 802.1D standard Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) has
been available for use with managed switches and bridges for several years.
This software provides a mechanism for resolving redundant physical
connections in order to maintain operation of standard Ethernet LANs that
does not allow more than one path for a packet to be in use at a given time
[28]. The STP Protocol is included with the managed switch software
provided by all major Ethernet managed switch product suppliers, and is
widely available in the marketplace [30]. Further, the STP has proven in
general use over many years to be interoperable, and commercial systems