series The SUMof a specific SETof sequentially ordered TERMs.
set Any collection of numbers, objects, or elements. Sets are usually
identified by capital letters. For example, if a set called Aconsists of
the numbers 2, 4, 6, and 8, it is identified as A= {2, 4, 6, 8}.
sigma notation (summation notation)Derived from the 18th letter of the
Greek alphabet, this symbol Σis used to represent the SUMof all the
values in an ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE.
signed numberA number that is written with a plus sign (a POSITIVE
NUMBER) or a minus sign (a NEGATIVE NUMBER). Both +26 and –14
are signed numbers because they are preceded by a plus sign and a
minus sign, respectively.
See alsoSECTION IV CHARTS AND TABLES.
similar figuresTwo or more figures that are exactly the same in shape, but not
necessarily in size. (See illustration on page 38.)
simple fractionSeeCOMMON FRACTION.
simplify Removing grouping symbols and COMBINING LIKE TERMSto bring
the EQUATIONor sentence to its simplest form.
simultaneous equationsAny twoEQUATIONs that, when solved together, are
true at the same time.
slope The ANGLEof descent or ascent of a line. Slope is calculated as the
rise, or vertical change, divided by the run, or horizontal change. For
two COORDINATES, the slope is the DIFFERENCEin the ycoordinates
(the rise) divided by the difference in the xcoordinates (the run),
written as y 2 – y 1 /x 2 – x 1. If the line slants downward, it is descending,
or is said to have declivity, and the slope will be a NEGATIVENUMBER.
If the line slants upward, it is ascending, or has acclivity, and the
slope will be a POSITIVE NUMBER. If the line has no slope, it is a
HORIZONTAL LINE.
solid A three-dimensional shape, such as a CUBE, aSPHERE, or a
HEXAHEDRON.
See alsoSECTION IV CHARTS AND TABLES.
solutionThe number or quantity used in place of a VARIABLEthat makes an
EQUATIONtrue.
solving the equationFinding the VALUEof the quantities in an EQUATION
through algebraic computation.
series – solving the equation GLOSSARY
series – solving the equation GLOSSARY
Sigma notation