on work by ARCHIMEDESand Kepler, in which he initially
proposed that a line is made up of an infinite number of points,
and a PLANEis made up of an infinite number of lines, and that
any magnitude, such as a line, or plane, or VOLUME, can be
divided into an infinite number of smaller quantities. This idea
was the beginning of infinitesimal calculus.Cayler, Arthur(1821–95) British lawyer who was encouraged to study
math as a child and eventually left law to became a professor
of mathematics at Cambridge. He wrote and published more
than 900 papers on mathematics, and is famous for developing
work in algebra on matrices, as well as his work in geometry,
which is now used in studying the space-time continuum.Celsius, Anders(1701–44) Swedish inventor of the metric scale for
measuring temperature, called the Celsius or centigrade scale,
in which water freezes at 0°and boils at 100°.Chrystal, George(1851–1911) Scottish mathematics professor who
was very unhappy with the way algebra was being taught, so
he wrote a book, entitled Algebra,that made him famous. It
was praised for being the best book ever written on the subject.Connes, Alain(1947– ) French mathematician noted for his work in
operator algebras and geometry, which led to opening up new
areas of research in mathematics.Cotes, Roger(1682–1716) British mathematician who published only
one work in his short lifetime, dealing with a LOGARITHMic
curve, is most famous for his THEOREMin trigonometry, and
for editing SIR ISAAC NEWTON’s second edition of Principia.
Despite a continually deteriorating relationship between the
two during the editing process, Newton believed “if he had
lived, we might have known something.”Cramer, Gabriel (1704–52) Swiss mathematician who earned a
doctoral degree at the age of 18 based on his thesis regarding
the theory of sound, and became co-chair of mathematics at
the Geneva university Académie de Clavin at the age of 20, in
which he introduced the concept of teaching mathematics in
French instead of Latin so that more people would have access
to it. He is most famous for his published work on algebraic
curves in 1750, entitled Introduction á l’analyse des lignesBIOGRAPHIES Cayler – Cramer
BIOGRAPHIES Cayler – Cramer