Fundamentals Of English Grammar

1 6-1 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -SI-ES

I Final -61-es has three different pronunciations: Isl, Id, and lad.

(b) seeds = seedd Id is the sound of "z" in "buzz." Final -8 is pronounced Id after voiced

srm = starld sounds. Examples of voiced* sounds: Id, Irl, IU, /mi, hl, and all vowel

holes = hole/z/ sounds.

laws = lnwld

(c) dishes 3 dishlad lad adds a whole syllable to a word. Fi -61-ea is pronounced lad

matches 3 matchlad after -& -ch, -s, -z, -&?elk&- munds.

classes = classlad

sizes 3 sizelad

pages = pagelad

judges = judgelad

*See Chart 2-4, p. 28, for more infomtion about voiceless and voiced sounds.

(a) seats = seatlsl

maps = maplsl

lakes = lake/d

EXERCISE 2. Pronunclotion of final 41-ES. (Chart 6-1)

Directions: Write the correct pronunciations and practice saying the words.

Id is the sound of "s" in "bus." Final 4 is pronounced la1 after voiceless

sounds. Examples of voiceless* sounds: Id, Ipl, Id.

1. names = name1 r I 8. hills = hilY / 14. glasses = glass1 I


2. clocks = clock/ s I 9. cars = cad I 15. prices = price/ 1


3. eyes = eye/ I 10. ways = way/ / 16. prizes = prize/ I


4. heads = head / 1 1. months = month1 / 17. faxes = fax/ I


5. boats = boat1 I 12. eyelashes = eyelash/ I 18. bridges = bridge/ 1


6. ribs = rib/ I 13. itches = itch/ 1 19. cages = cage1 /


7. lips = lip/ I

EXERCISE 3. Preview: plural nouns. (Chart 6-2)

Directions: These sentences have many mistakes in the use of nouns. Underline each

noun. Write the correct plural form if necessary. Do not change any of the other words in

the sentences.

streets highways

• 1.Chicapohasbusy-and*. 5. Insect don't have nose.
  .Aq,
  2. Box have six side.
  3. Big city have many problem.
  4. Banana grow in hot, humid area.
  6. Lamb are the offspring of sheep.
  7. Library keep book on shelf.

8. Parent support their child.

Nouna ond Pronouns 157