5 Steps to a 5TM AP European History

(^144) › STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
✪^ Technocratic socialism A variety of nineteenth-century utopian socialism
that envisioned a society run by technical experts who managed resources
efficiently and in a way that was best for all. The most prominent nineteenth-
century advocate of technocratic socialism was the French aristocrat Henri
Comte de Saint-Simon.
✪^ Scientific socialism/communism An ideology dedicated to the creation of a
class-free society through the abolition of private property.
✪^ Anarchism A nineteenth-century ideology that saw the modern state and its
institutions as the enemy of individual freedom and recommended terrorism
as a way to disrupt the machinery of government.
✪^ Romanticism A nineteenth-century ideology that urged the cultivation of
sentiment and emotion by reconnecting with nature and with the past.
✪^ Nationalism A nineteenth-century ideology that asserted that a nation was a
natural, organic entity whose people shared a cultural identity and a historical
destiny.
✪^ Social Darwinism A nineteenth-century ideology that asserted that competi-
tion was natural and necessary for the evolutionary progress of a society.
Key Individuals:
Because of the nature of this chapter, there are a great many individuals mentioned; some
are political thinkers, some are artists or musicians. All play a role in this extremely impor-
tant period.
✪ Charles Fourier
✪ Edmund Burke
✪ Ernst Moritz Arndt
✪ Eugène Delacroix
✪ Francisco Goya
✪ Frédéric Chopin
✪ Friedrich Engels
✪ Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
✪ Georges Sorel
✪ Giuseppe Verdi
✪ Grimm Brothers
✪ Henri de Saint-Simon
✪ Herbert Spencer
✪ Johann Gottlieb Fichte
✪ Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
✪ John Constable
✪ Joseph de Maistre
✪ Lord Byron
✪ Ludwig von Beethoven
✪ Mary Shelley
✪ Mikhail Bakunin
✪ Prince Klemens von Metternich
✪ Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
✪ Richard Wagner
✪ Robert Owen
✪ Samuel Taylor Coleridge
✪ Victor Hugo
✪ William Wordsworth
18_Bartolini_Ch18_143-152.indd 144 27/04/18 1:55 PM