(^232) › STEP 5. Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
- D. Phrases like “half-devil, half-child,” and “sloth
and heathen” imply that these are peoples of a
backward or less-developed civilization. A and B
are incorrect because both of the lines they refer
to are describing the British imperialists, not the
people over whom the British are ruling. C is
incorrect because nothing in the excerpt suggests
that the natives are “ready” for conversion. - A. The excerpt contains both a message of
responsibility and a warning about great costs.
B is incorrect because the excerpt exhorts the
Americans to “take up the... burden,” not
avoid it. C is incorrect because the excerpt does
not call for the Christianizing of other civiliza-
tions. D is incorrect because the poem is devoid
of irony; it considers the burden of imperial rule
to be heavy but not folly. - C. Hogarth was commenting on the phenom-
enon of cash-strapped aristocrats marrying their
sons to daughters of wealthy bourgeois business-
men in order to ensure a combination of wealth
and status in the next generation of the family.
A is incorrect because the engraving depicts two
fathers haggling over the details of marrying
their son and daughter. B is incorrect because the
subject of the engraving is not the sale of art. D
is incorrect because the subject of the engraving
is not churchmen marrying. - B. Hogarth was criticizing the practice of eco-
nomically motivated marriage through a satiri-
cally humorous depiction. A is incorrect because
the scene is depicted realistically. C is incorrect
because the depiction of the aristocrats in the
scene is not flattering. D is incorrect because the
image is not a landscape. - C. The sight of two fathers treating their chil-
dren as economic assets while the clergyman
leers at the bride-to-be shows Hogarth’s moral
repugnance. The mutual lack of interest shown
by the future bride and groom foreshadows the
misery that will follow (and which Hogarth
depicts in the rest of this series of engravings). A
is incorrect because the subject of the engraving
is not the sale of art to foreigners. B is incor-
rect because portrait painting and patronage are
not the subject of the engraving. D is incorrect
because the scene depicted does not inspire con-
fidence in the future of the realm.
13. C. There was a spread of religious skepticism
among the educated elite in Britain in the eight-
eenth century, and the possibility of a skeptical
and flexible attitude toward religion is implied
in Gibbon’s interpretation. A is incorrect because
Gibbon was not a clergyman, and the clergy
did not have a monopoly on scholarship in
eighteenth-century Britain. B is incorrect because
the excerpt implies no hatred of Roman religious
attitudes. D is incorrect because one can tell
nothing about the sources available from the
excerpt.
14. A. Gibbon’s interpretation refers to various atti-
tudes toward religious worship that correlated
with the social position of the worshiper. B is
incorrect because Gibbon makes no reference to
social tension or turmoil. C is incorrect because
Gibbon refers to various kinds of religious wor-
ship, which implies the opposite of homogene-
ity and centralization. D is incorrect because
Gibbon makes no reference to the introduction
of Christianity in this excerpt.
15. C. There are no lines on the map that indicate
British sailing routes in the Pacific Ocean. A, B,
and D are incorrect because there are lines on the
map that indicate British sailing routes along the
west coast of Africa, in the Atlantic Ocean, and
in the Indian Ocean.
16. D. The dark shaded lines connecting Britain,
North America, and the west coast of Africa
indicate the existence of such a Triangle of Trade.
A is incorrect because no lines travel through
North American waters to the Pacific Ocean.
B is incorrect because there are very few lines
connecting Britain and China. C is incorrect
because there are no lines indicating British
trade voyages in the Mediterranean during this
period.
17. A. The heavy blue shading shows a high fre-
quency of British trade ship voyages southward,
around the horn of Africa, and to India via
the Indian Ocean. B is incorrect because the
map offers no evidence for assertions about the
cargo that ships carried. The map shows that
no British trade ships sailed west through the
Mediterranean Sea, and because the map indi-
cates that there is no Suez Canal during this
period. D is incorrect because the map clearly
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