Integration 219
Step 3. Rewrite: 4
∫
1
u
du.
Step 4. Integrate: 4 ln|u|+C.
Step 5. Replaceu:4ln
∣∣
x− 1
∣∣
+C.
∫
x^2 + 3
x− 1
dx=
x^2
2
+x+4ln
∣∣
x− 1
∣∣
+C.
Step 6. Differentiate and Check:
2 x
2
+ 1 + 4
(
1
x− 1
)
+C=x+ 1 +
4
x− 1
=
x^2 + 3
x− 1
.
Example 4
Evaluate
∫
lnx
3 x
dx.
Step 1. Letu=lnx.
Step 2. Differentiate:du=
1
x
dx.
Step 3. Rewrite:
1
3
∫
udx.
Step 4. Integrate:
(
1
3
)
u^2
2
+C=
1
6
u^2 +C.
Step 5. Replaceu:
1
6
(lnx)^2 +C.
Step 6. Differentiate and Check:
1
6
( 2 )(lnx)
(
1
x
)
=
lnx
3 x
.
Example 5
Evaluate
∫
e(^2 x−^5 )dx.
Step 1. Letu= 2 x−5.
Step 2. Differentiate:du= 2 dx⇒
du
2
=dx.
Step 3. Rewrite:
∫
eu
(
du
2
)
=
1
2
∫
eudu.
Step 4. Integrate:
1
2
eu+C.
Step 5. Replaceu:
1
2
e(^2 x−^5 )+C.
Step 6. Differentiate and Check:
1
2
e^2 x−^5 ( 2 )=e^2 x−^5.