xii (^) › Contents
- 1 What You Need to Know About the AP Chemistry Exam, STEP 1 Set Up Your Study Program
- Background of the Advanced Placement Program,
- Who Writes the AP Chemistry Exam?,
- The AP Grades and Who Receives Them,
- Reasons for Taking the AP Chemistry Exam,
- Questions Frequently Asked About the AP Chemistry Exam,
- 2 How to Plan Your Time,
- Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP Chemistry Exam,
- Calendar for Each Plan,
- 3 Take a Diagnostic Exam, STEP 2 Determine Your Test Readiness
- Getting Started: The Diagnostic Exam,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Scoring and Interpretation,
- 4 How to Approach Each Question Type, STEP 3 Develop Strategies for Success
- Multiple-Choice Questions,
- Free-Response Questions,
- 5 Basics, STEP 4 Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
- Units and Measurements,
- Dimensional Analysis—the Factor Label Method,
- The States of Matter,
- The Structure of the Atom,
- Periodic Table,
- Oxidation Numbers,
- Nomenclature Overview,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 6 Reactions and Periodicity, viii › Contents
- AP Exam Format,
- General Aspects of Chemical Reactions and Equations,
- General Properties of Aqueous Solutions,
- Precipitation Reactions,
- Oxidation–Reduction Reactions,
- Coordination Compounds,
- Acid–Base Reactions,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 7 Stoichiometry,
- Moles and Molar Mass,
- Percent Composition and Empirical Formulas,
- Reaction Stoichiometry,
- Limiting Reactants,
- Percent Yield,
- Molarity and Solution Calculations,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 8 Gases,
- Kinetic Molecular Theory,
- Gas Law Relationships,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 9 Thermodynamics,
- Calorimetry,
- Laws of Thermodynamics,
- Products Minus Reactants,
- Thermodynamics and Equilibrium,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question, Contents ‹ ix
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 10 Spectroscopy, Light, and Electrons,
- The Nature of Light,
- Wave Properties of Matter,
- Atomic Spectra,
- Atomic Orbitals,
- Photoelectron (Photoemission) Spectroscopy (PES),
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 11 Bonding,
- Lewis Electron-Dot Structures,
- Ionic and Covalent Bonding,
- Molecular Geometry—VSEPR,
- Valence Bond Theory,
- Molecular Orbital Theory,
- Resonance,
- Bond Length, Strength, and Magnetic Properties,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 12 Solids, Liquids, and Intermolecular Forces,
- Structures and Intermolecular Forces,
- The Liquid State,
- The Solid State,
- Phase Diagrams,
- Relationship of Intermolecular Forces to Phase Changes,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 13 Solutions and Colligative Properties,
- Concentration Units,
- Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes,
- Colligative Properties,
- Colloids, x › Contents
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Rapid Review,
- 14 Kinetics,
- Rates of Reaction,
- Integrated Rate Laws,
- Activation Energy,
- Reaction Mechanisms,
- Catalysts,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 15 Equilibrium,
- Equilibrium Expressions,
- Le Châtelier’s Principle,
- Acid–Base Equilibrium,
- Buffers,
- Titration Equilibria,
- Solubility Equilibria,
- Other Equilibria,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 16 Electrochemistry,
- Redox Reactions,
- Electrochemical Cells,
- Quantitative Aspects of Electrochemistry,
- Nernst Equation,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 17 Nuclear Chemistry, Contents ‹ xi
- Nuclear Reactions,
- Nuclear Stability,
- Nuclear Decay Calculations,
- Mass–Energy Relationships,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- 18 Organic Chemistry,
- Alkanes,
- Structural Isomerism,
- Common Functional Groups,
- Macromolecules,
- Experiments,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Rapid Review,
- 19 Experimental Investigations,
- Experiment 1: Spectroscopy,
- Experiment 2: Spectrophotometry,
- Experiment 3: Gravimetric Analysis,
- Experiment 4: Titration,
- Experiment 5: Chromatography,
- Solid Samples, Experiment 6: Determination of the Type of Bonding in
- Experiment 7: Stoichiometry,
- Experiment 8: Redox Titration,
- Experiment 9: Chemical and Physical Changes,
- Experiment 10: Kinetics,
- Experiment 11: Rate Laws,
- Experiment 12: Calorimetry,
- Principle, Experiment 13: Chemical Equilibrium—Le Châtelier’s
- Experiment 14: Acid–Base Titrations,
- Experiment 15: Buffer pH,
- Experiment 16: The Capacity of a Buffer,
- Common Mistakes to Avoid,
- Review Questions,
- Answers and Explanations,
- Free-Response Question,
- Answer and Explanation,
- Rapid Review,
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 1, STEP 5 Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 1, Section I (Multiple Choice),
- Answers and Explanations for Exam 1, Section 1 (Multiple Choice),
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 1, Section II (Free Response),
- Answers and Explanations for Exam 1, Section II (Free Response),
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 2,
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 2, Section I (Multiple Choice),
- Answers and Explanations for Exam 2, Section 1 (Multiple Choice),
- AP Chemistry Practice Exam 2, Section II (Free Response),
- Answers and Explanations for Exam 2, Section II (Free Response),
- SI Units, Appendixes
- Balancing Redox Equations Using the Ion-Electron Method,
- Common Ions,
- Bibliography,
- Websites,
- Glossary,
- Avoiding “Stupid” Mistakes on the Free-Response Section,
- Exam Resources,