5 Steps to a 5 AP Chemistry 2019

Organic Chemistry ❮ 275

Table 18.2 Common Functional Groups

FUNCTIONAL COMPOUND SUFFIX OR SYSTEMATIC NAME
GROUP TYPE PREFIX OF NAME EXAMPLE (COMMON NAME)

C C^ alkene -ene C C

H

H

H

H

ethene (ethylene)

C C alkyne -yne H C C H ethyne (acetylene)

C O H alcohol -ol H C

H

H

O H

methanol (methyl alcohol)

C X

(X=halogen)

haloalkane halo- H C

H

H

Cl chloromethane

(methyl chloride)

C N amine -amine H C

H

H

CHN

H

H

H

ethylamine

C H

O

aldehyde -al H C

H

H

C H

O

ethanal

(acetaldehyde)^

C C C

O

ketone -one

H C

H

H

C C

H

H

H

O

propanone (acetone)

CHO

O

carboxylic -oic acid H C

H

H

C O H

O
ethanoic acid
acid
(acetic acid)^

C O C

O

ester -oate H C

H

H

CCO

H

H

H

O

methyl ethanoate

(methyl acetate)

C N

O

amide -amide

H C

H

H

CHN

H

O

ethanamide

(acetamide)